LIME AND CEMENT INDUSTRIES 793 



Silica 1.1 



Alumina 



Ferric oxid 



Lime carbonate 97 . 4 



Magnesium carbonate * ..... . tr 



Insoluble , . 026 



It is reported that a Portland cement plant will be erected at 



this locality. 



Madison county 1 



Madison county has limestones of Niagara and Lower Helder- 

 berg age and Quaternary marls. 



The Niagara limestone crosses the county as a narrow belt 

 from Bridgeport to near Oneida Castle, the former locality be- 

 ing situated on its northern edge. - Owing to the heavy covering 

 of drift, and the swampy character of the region in many places, 

 outcrops are scarce. It is, however, quarried at Oneida by 

 Mrs C. L. Faulkner and about 1^ miles northeast of Canastota by 

 Stout Bros, on the South Bay road. 



The outcrops of Lower Helderberg limestone extend through 

 the central part of the county in a rather sinuous belt, passing 

 south of Chittenango and through Chittenango Falls, Perryville, 

 Blakeslee, Cottons, Siloam, Stockbridge and Munnsville. Mate- 

 rial for lime-making is quarried at a number of these points. 



Cowaselon swamp is an extensive swampy area extending 

 from the northern edge of Canastota westward to the county 

 boundary. Owing to the richness of its soil, extensive ditches 

 have been dug for draining the area, and in the excavation of 

 these much marl has been exposed. One of the best sections 

 is along the Douglas ditch and its feeders east and west of Onion- 

 town, 3 miles north of west from Canastota. Here at least 6 feet 

 of marl is exposed in the sides and bottom of this ditch. On 

 F. Pennock's land west of Oniontown the marl is said to be 30 

 feet thick. The marl is covered by 3 feet to 4 feet of sand and 



1 Vanuxem, Lardner. Geol. 3d dist. N. Y. 1842. 



