REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I905 87 



linioid was necessary to take it up. Then four pails of water were 

 added and stirred in vigorously with a hoe. The oil seemed to 

 emulsify very readily. This was then put through a force pump 

 for four minutes before being applied. It sprayed nicely and there 

 was no sediment. An examination the next day showed that the 

 trees were very white and the application seemed to have spread 

 over the tree as well as in the case of lime-sulfur washes. This 

 wash was applied March 31 to 14 Bartlett peartrees in the orchard 

 of Mr McCoun at Oyster Bay. An examination April 15 showed 

 that the trees were whitish with the lime. There was no odor of 

 kerosene and living scale were easily found. July 11 breeding 

 w^as rather abundant and September 26 young scales were present 

 in large numbers. 



Formula 10 

 This wash, composed of 50 pounds of limoid and 12^ gallons 

 (25%) kerosene to 34^ gallons of water is the same as formula 9 

 except that there is a slightly larger amount of kerosene, there 

 being 25% oil in place of the 20% oil in formula 9. It was pre- 

 pared in the same way as the other. There was as in the preced- 

 ing case a slight excess of kerosene though the paste was somewhat 

 thicker. This was applied March 31 to 14 Bartlett peartrees in 

 the orchard of Mr McCoun at Oyster Bay. It did not spray as 

 well as formula 9 and the nozzles clogged somewhat. An exami- 

 nation April 15 showed that the trees had a whitish appearance. 

 There was no kerosene odor and living scale was easily found. 

 July II there was rather abundant breeding and September 28 

 young scales were very numerous. 



Formula 11 

 This wash, composed of 40 pounds of lime and 10 gallons (20%) 

 kerosene to 38^ gallons of water is the same as formula 9 except 

 that a carefully hydrated calcium or ordinary stone lime was used 

 in place of the magnesian lime sold uiider the trade name of limoid. 

 The lime was carefully dry slaked by sprinkling with the necessary 

 amount of hot water. The fine slaked lime was then sifted through 

 a very fine sieve and the requisite amount mixed with the kerosene 

 as in the case of the limoid. It was found necessary to add 18 

 additional pounds of sifted lime and even then fully a quart of 

 kerosene remained on top. This made a very thick paste and it 

 seemed impossible to work any more lime in without produciiT:^" a 

 lumpy mixture. This was diluted with the necessary amount of 



