GEOLOGY OF THE VICINITY OP LITTLE PALLS 75 



Moraines. The heaviest development of morainic accumulation 

 within the map limits is along a line running southeast from the 

 northwest corner to Barto hill and thence eastward through Salis- 

 bury Centre to the easterly limits. The moraine is broad on the 

 east and west but narrows in the center. On the east it is asso- 

 ciated with a considerable development of kame hills and great 

 overwash sand and gravel terraces. On the west these features 

 are lacking. There is a line of kames to the north of Salisbury 

 Centre, culminating in the " Pinnacle ", and to the south of this 

 line a great development of low sand hills and terraces. On the 

 west the kames and sands are lacking, the moraine is associated 

 with heavy till, and, though broad, has no great depth over 

 the till. This moraine would seem the eastward prolongation of 

 the one mentioned by Brigham as blocking the valley at Holland 

 Patent, and the topographic maps seem to indicate that much of 

 its course between is marked by heavy' kame sands, as is the case 

 here.^ West of West Canada creek a heavy moraine appears 

 which would seem to serve as a possible connection between the 

 one above described, and the one described by Chamberlin as 

 coming up to Ilion from the southwest. 



Sands and laminated clays. Northward and northwestward 

 from Dolgeville is an area of deep sands. Much of it is built 

 into kame hills in association with the moraine. Much however 

 forms flat topped benches with steep sloping fronts. Boulders 

 occur here and there on the surface, though always sparsely. 

 Some gravel is often associated. They lie at all sorts of levels 

 from 800 up to 1500 feet. Their form is often that of delta de- 

 posits, but, if such, they represent merely very local and rather 

 rapidly shifting water levels. If the moraine was formed by the 

 shrinking Mohawk glacial lobe, persisting after all ice had disap- 

 peared from the foothills to the north, there would be opportunity 

 for the formation of small local lakes along the ice edge, while re- 

 treating back from this position, in which the discharging waters 

 of both East Canada and Spruce creeks would build successive 



^Op, cit. p.191. 



