1 68 KANSAS UNIVERSITY QUARTERLY. 



EDUCATIONAL. 



Without any education (illiterates) 710 or 19.5 per cent. 



Simply read and write (with difficulty) 1,814 or 49,9 



Ordinary common school 979 or 26.9 



High school or more .... 133 or 3.7 



INDUSTRIAL.* 



Servants and clerks 1,041 or 28.6 per cent. 



Common laborers ^}^53 or 51.0 



At mechanical work 649 or 17.8 



Idlers 93 or 2.6 



CHARACTER OF ASSOCIATIONS. 



Posititvely bad 2,072 or 56.9 per cent. 



Not good Ij439 or 39.6 



Doubtful 64 or 1.8 



Good 61 or 1.7 



NOMINAL RELIGIOUS FAITH OR TRAINING. 



Protestant 1,531 or 42. i per cent. 



Roman Catholic 15667 or 45.8 



Hebrew 207 or 5.7 



None 231 or 6.4 



The study of physical, mental and moral characteristics will lead 

 us to other determinations and will show in physical health that the 

 prisoners are as a rule not much, if any, below the average of people 

 at large. It will also show that the majority of them not accustomed 

 to regular work or employment are not capable of doing as much 

 labor or enduring as much constant physical fatigue as would the 

 same body of men who are not criminals taken from the common 

 ranks of the people. So as to mental characteristics, we can urge 

 that the criminal intellect has not been keen enough to take proper 

 rank with the average mind. It is a fact, however, that many 

 criminals are very shrewd and intellectually keen. Doubtless some- 

 thing could be said about the quality of such intellect and its special 

 characteristics. It is the intellect of a coarse nature and not cul- 

 tured, refined, or properly trained in the aggregate. The well devel- 

 oped mind, balanced in every particular, is rare among criminals. It 

 will be seen, however, that a defect in the moral nature is in most 

 instances a secret cause of the crime. Moral insensibility seems to 

 be the common characteristic of a large proportion of prisoners. It 



* It should be stated that the above who claimed some occupation are, as a rule, not 

 regularly employed, nor steady reliable workmen. 



