SALTER AND AVELINE ON THE CARADOC SANDSTONE. 69 



fossils have beRii found in tlie conglomerate at Church Preen, at 

 which place it rests on the upper shales (No. 4) of the Llandeilo 

 series. It extends two miles further south by Plash, Sheaves, and 

 Oakwood, where the Pentamerus limestone again overlaps it, and 

 continues as the base of the series. 



It is evident that this underlying sandstone cannot be considered 

 apart from the same beds which skirt the Longmynd, appearing at 

 various points beneath the Wenlock shale, and described by Prof. 

 Ramsay in his late paper (vol. ix. p. 1/5) as "the pebbly shore of 

 the Wenlock sea." At Minton, All Stretton, Hope, Bogmine, &c., it 

 is chiefly filled with species which are to be found in Upper Silurian 

 rocks. 



Calymene Blumenbachii, *****, Atrypa reticularis, ***, 



Illaenus Barriensis, ****, marginalis, ***, 



Encrinurus punctatus, ****, Pterinea retroflexa, 



Cheirurus bimucronatus, Goniophora cymbjeformis, *, 



Phacops Downingise, *, Holopella obsoleta, 



Stokesii, Bellerophon trilobatus, 



PrcEtus Stokesii, *, expansus, 



Strophomena pecten, cariuatus, 



are all Upper Silurian fossils. The following are chiefly Lower 

 Silurian : — 



Tentaculites annulatus, ****. Rhynconella decemplicata, *. 



Ortliis reversa, Salter, ***. Scalites lenticularis. 



■ biforata, Salter, ***. Lituites cornu-arietis. 



t Actoniae. Holopella cancellata, ****. 



t vespertilio. 



The aspect of the fossils is not Lower Silurian, and, except with 

 some of the upper sandstones and conglomerates in Caermarthenshire, 

 there is no part of the Llandeilo flags with which they have any near 

 resemblance ; while the presence of abundant Pentameri and of many 

 other fossils indicate clearly the connexion of these beds with the 

 next stratum, the Pentamerus limestone, which here and there 

 slightly overlaps it in some of the localities where they have been 

 observed together. 



7. Peritamenis limestone. — The beds which may be classed under 

 this name in the country under consideration are beds of sandstone, 

 often so highly calcareous from the presence of fossils as to be lime- 

 stone, but generally thin-bedded layers of yellow or yellow-brown 

 micaceous sandstone, interstratified with brown and blue shale. Their 

 lower boundary is traceable along the whole line at intervals from 

 Cheney-Longville to the Wrekin, but the upper limit, consisting of 

 soft purple shales (No. 8), is inseparable from the Wenlock strata. 

 The Pentamerus limestone is first seen on the banks of the Onny in 

 the low cliif above mentioned, where it consists of thin courses of 

 bastard limestone with Pentamerus undatiis, and is overlaid by shales 

 with thin beds of sandstone, full of fossils. The accompanying wood- 

 cut will show the slightly unconformable position of these beds on 



t These two species are, however, not in the Survey collections. Prof. E. Forbes 

 observed them at Hope Quarry. 



