QUAETERLY JOURNAL 



OF 



THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OE LONDON. 



PROCEEDINGS 



THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



January 18, 1854. 



Alfred William Morant, Esq,, C.E., and John Bailey Denton, Esq., 

 C.E., were elected Fellows. 



The following communications were read : — 



1. On Pipes and Furrows in Calcareous awe? Non-calcareous 

 Strata. By Joshua Trimmer, Esq., F.G.S. 



I propose, in this communication, to give a brief summary of the 

 evidence on which I rely for proof of the formation of those remark- 

 able cavities in the chalk, known as pipes and sand-galls, by the 

 mechanical action of water, before the matter which fills them was 

 deposited. I shall describe the various forms which they assume, 

 the different strata, besides the chalk, in which they are found, and 

 the various deposits of the tertiary epoch with which they are filled. 

 L The Pipes are terminations of Furrows. — In the first place, 

 then, they are the termination of furrows, which widen and deepen 

 as they approach the pipes. This becomes evident, when we have 

 an opportunity of seeing a ground-plan of them, in consequence of 



VOL. X. — part I. S 



