ABORIGINAL OCCUPATION OF NEW YORK 31 
t 
8 South of the last site and of the river are many shell heaps in 
the bank. 
g An island of about 10 acres in Big Choconut creek, southeast 
of Vestal, has earthenware and a few arrowheads. 
10 Chenango, or Otsiningo, was four miles north of Binghamton, 
in the town of Chenango and on that river—Sullivan, p. 24. In 
1758 there lived three nations at Otsiningo, the Shawnees, Nanti- 
cokes and Mohickanders.—Doc. Mist. N. Y. 7:250. Castle creek, 
on the west side of Chenango river, was so called from the Indian 
castle at its mouth.—French, p. 181. Many silver ornaments were 
found near Binghamton.—Wulkinson, p. 143. An Indian oven was 
washed out there, on the Susquehanna.—Wulkinson, p. 220 
II Onoquaga was on both sides of the Susquehanna, eight miles 
below Conihunto, and near the present Onoquaga. It was 
destroyed in 1779.— Sullivan, p. 23. A deposit of brass kettles was 
found at Oquaga—Wulkinson, p. 155-56. At Oquaga, now 
Windsor, are old apple-trees and earthworks.—French, p. 180. 
Valuable trinkets and human bones were plowed up under the 
apple-trees. The remains of a recent fort were seen by the first 
settlers—Child. Directory, 1872-73 | 
12 W. L. Hildburgh reports camp sites along the Tioughnioga 
river between.Chenango Forks and Whitney’s Point. 
Cattaraugus county. The principal authorities to be cited on 
Cattaraugus are A. T. Cheney, whose interesting account and plans 
appeared in the regents report for 1859, Dr Frederick Larkin, who 
published Ancient man in America, in 1880, and Mr Marcus Sackett, 
who described some works in an address before the Chautauqua 
historical society in September 1888. He has sent later notes to 
the writer. ; 
1 A work on a high ridge on the south side of Cattaraugus creek, 
five miles from Lake Erie and a quarter of a mile below Big Indian 
creek. The bluff is parallel with the first creek, pointing up stream. 
The sides are high and abrupt, except at one place on the north 
side, along this a wall was built for 15 or 18 rods, completely 
closing the gap. At the northwest end the wall bends to the west. 
The ridge is very narrow there. Fig. 84 is from a sketch by Mr 
