38 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
of an ancient channel of the Seneca river. . . The salt springs 
mentioned by Father Raffeix in 1672 were on the west side of the 
marsh about half a mile north of the N. Y. C. railroad bridge.” 
12 In a burial place on Frontenac island, Cayuga lake, skeletons 
were found on the rock two feet under ground. 
13 Stone relics alone are found on a site of 10 acres on Yawger’s 
point, north of Union Springs, lot 92, Springport. Lodge sites 
appear over the whole field.. 
14 An early site on lot 85, on the same point, occupies two or 
three acres. The graves occupy 40 or 50 feet, each having from 
one to 20 skeletons. Long shell beads are found but nothing 
European. 
15 J. W. Kales found bones of men, women and children in 
a pit a mile north of Union Springs and near the lake. There were 
no relics —Smithsonian report 1881. Gen. Clark also mentions 
“Gewauga, a small hamlet on the present site of Union Springs 
. on the east side of Cayuga lake.” 
16 There are several early sites on Farley’s point, south of Union 
Springs, and on lot 7, Springport. Mr [Adams thought part of 
Cayuga Castle was on this point but found only early relics. The 
site comprises 8 or 10 acres and the graves occupy two or three 
rods. The relics are of stone and shell with clay and stone pipes 
and pottery. 
17 Fig. 12 is a stockade in Ledyard, four miles southeast of 
Union Springs. It is still mostly undisturbed and was described 
by Mr Squier, whose plan is used on a scale of 400 feet to the inch. 
It seems recent and is on a point between two deep ravines. A 
somewhat pyriform space is inclosed at the end of the point which 
is about 300 feet in diameter. The curving stockade takes in about 
half of the outline; the holes are eight inches in diameter. There 
are caches within. From the extreme point of the plateau the 
“Indian path” follows a narrow spur to the water. The banks 
of the streams are 175 feet high.—Squier, p. 88, pl. 13. Morgan 
says that Gayagaanha, the principal village, was on Salmon creek, 
three miles south of Union Springs, one and one half miles from 
the lake-—Morgan, p. 423. It should read Great Gully brook. In 
