ABORIGINAL OCCUPATION OF NEW YORK 55 
tations to be made are from a paper in Proceedings of A. A. A. S. 
1887, p. 308. 
He knew of others on the east side of the lake and thought there 
were others as yet unknown. ‘There are no earthworks or mounds 
and few graves had been found. The stone relics were of the usual 
kinds and at that date over 20,000 had been collected. ‘ Grooved 
axes and nicely grooved hammers, pestles and ornaments are rare. 
The material of which the chipped implements were made is found 
throughout the whole region. The so-called flint is abundant in the 
limestone of the locality. On Butler’s island in Lake Champlain 
detached pieces of the dark and striated flint, a foot or more in 
diameter, are so driven against each other by the action of the waves 
that their surfaces resemble the roughened surfaces of ordinary flint 
hammers. Of copper spearheads, hatchets and gouges, about two 
dozen have been found. These have been entirely surface or field 
finds. Not a copper relic has yet been obtained from a dwelling 
site. Bone awls, punches and harpoons are found only in connec- 
tion with broken animal bones and other remains in some of the fire- 
places. Pottery, entirely in fragments, is abundant. In fact I 
should hardly claim a place to be a village site unless a considerable 
amount of pottery were found in it. Pipes, both of pottery and of 
stone, plain, ornamented, and sometimes representing the head of a 
bird or of some other animal, are not very rare.” 
Some of the aborigines however did not use pottery, but vessels 
of bark. The occurrence of naturally worked flints may be com- 
pared with the Jesuit account of the collecting of these near Crown 
Point in 1668. The occupation of Lake Champlain before the 
Huron war is attested by the French explorer. He saw four beauti- 
ful islands, 10, 12 and 13 leagues in length formerly inhabited, as 
well as the Iroquois river, by Indians, but “ abandoned since they 
had been at war the one with the other.” Looking at the Green 
“asked the Indians if those parts were inhabited. 
They answered me, Yes, and that they were Iroquois, and that there 
were in those parts beautiful valleys and fields fertile in corn.” On 
the Dutch map of 1616 the east side of the lake is termed Irocoisia. 
Mountains, he 
