28 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
Loudonville and Watervliet, and ceremonial objects from Albany 
and Bethlehem. The principal trail was from Schenectady to 
Albany, and surface finds have been made in the sand fields between 
Schenectady and Karners. 
1 The Unawat’s castle is on an island at the mouth of the 
Mohawk, on Van Rensselaer’s map of 1630. 
2 A large camp site is near the arsenal at West Troy, 100 rods 
from the river. Thick spears, arrowheads, scrapers, net sinkers, and 
a few ceremonial stones are found. 
3 There was much cleared land at Albany. Father Jogues wrote 
in 1644 that the Dutch “found some pieces of ground all ready, 
which the savages had formerly prepared.” 
4 The Mohawks afterward had a fishing place at Cohoes, accord- 
ing to De Vries. 
5 A trail led across the Helderbergs to the Schoharie valley. 
The Indian Ladder was on the site of the present Indian Ladder 
road, one mile from Guilderland station. In a niche where the 
rocks were 20 feet high a tree was felled against them, the lopped 
branches forming a ladder. It was in use in 1820.—Harper’s, Oct. 
1869 
6 There were many relics in New Scotland, with camps at Clarks- 
ville and on the Hotaling farms.—Howell, p. 908 
7 Camps along the Oniskethau creek.—Howell, p. 908 
8 Camps on the Slingerland flats——Howell, p. 908 
9 “Mr Brayton says that in digging the turnpike road, in ascend- 
ing Kiddenhook hill, on the road to Bethlehem many human bones, 
supposed to be-Indian, were found. . . at a spot where the 
soil is light and sandy. On the hill above his house is a level field, 
where arrowheads have been found in large numbers.”—School- 
craft. Report, p. 226 
10 In Coon’s meadows on Catskill creek and on the outskirts of 
Preston Hollow the Stockbridges had recent camps. This is in 
Rensselaerville, where there were trails in 1711. 
11 P. M. Van Epps notes some relics about the lakes in Knox 
and Berne. There was a small camp on Thompson’s lake. 
