64 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



early in June. Harrington found the beetles upon oaks, haw- 

 thorns and elms, and adds that the larvae mine the leaves of 

 various trees, including apple. Theodore Pergande reared this 

 species from Cassia nictitans, while Messrs Hubbard and 

 Schwarz found a pale var.ety or race very abundant on the leaves 

 of R o b i n i a n e o ni e x i c a n a in the Santa Rita mountains of 

 southern Arizona. 



Life history. The life history of this species has been out- 

 lined by Saunders as follows : 



The eggs are small, rough, blackish and fastened to the sur- 

 face of the leaf either singly or in clusters of four or five. 



The larvae, when hatched, eat their way into the interior of 

 the leaf, where they feed upon its green, pulpy substance, leaving 

 the skin above and below entire, wdiich soon turns brown and 

 dry, forming a blisterlike spot. The larva, when full grown, 

 which is usuall}^ during the month of July, is" about one-fifth 

 of an inch long, oblong in form, rather broader before than 

 behind, flattened, soft, and of a yellowish-white color, with the 

 head and neck blackish and of a horny consistence. Each of the 

 three anterior segments has a pair of leg"s; the other segments 

 are provided with small fleshy warts at the sides, and transverse 

 rows of little rasplike points above and beneath. 



The larva changes to a pupa within the leaf, from which, in 

 about a week, the perfect insect escapes. Within these blister- 

 like spots the larva, pupa, or freshly-transformed beetle may 

 often be found. 



The beetles hibernate among dead leaves and other debris. 



Description. This species, according to Wickham, may be 

 separated from allied forms by the elytral punctures being 

 arranged in eight rows and the acute costa. He states that the 

 color is variable, usually with the head dark, the thorax and 

 elytra pale with dark, irregular spots. 



The beetle is about one-fifth of an inch long, tawny reddish 

 above, with irregular, darker spots and lines upon the strongly 

 ndged, deeply punctured wing covers. The legs are yellow. 

 These characters serve to separate it readily -from the larger 

 C. d o r s a 1 i s with which it is frequently associated. 



Distribution. Horn states that this beetle occurs everywhere 

 in the eastern regions and also in Arizona. Lugger reports this 

 beetle as common in Minnesota, it being frequently found among 

 dead leaves and rubbish in the vicinity of forests. 



Remedial measures. It is hardly likely that this species 

 would be sufficiently numerous to make treatment advisable. 



