THE MINING AND QUARRY INDUSTRY I909 39 



Production of gypsum 



MATERIAL 



Total output, crude 



Sold crude 



Ground for land plaster. 

 Wall plaster, etc. made . 



Total value 



1908 



Shcrt tons ' Vali 



318 046 



95 146 



5 712 



160 930 



M71 747 



i4 255 



574 757 



$760 759 



1909 



Shcrt tons 



378 232 



126 606 



9 468 



209 223 



Vali 



$189 208 



19 283 



699 no 



$907 601 



The principal developments in the industry in recent years 

 have centered about the western localities, and these now fur- 

 nish most of the supply. Genesee county is the largest pro- 

 ducer of crude gypsum, as well as of manufactured materials, 

 like land plaster, plaster of paris and wall plasters. Its output 

 of crude rock in 1909 amounted to 259,321 short tons. Monroe 

 county which ranked as the second largest producer reported 

 an output of 90,970 short tons. The rest of the gypsum came 

 from Onondaga, Cayuga and Erie counties. 



The following brief account of the gypsum resources of the 

 State and their industrial development has been taken from a 

 report, now in press, for the State Museum. 



NOTES ON THE GYPSUM DEPOSITS OF NEW YORK. 



Distribution of gypsum. The workable gypsum beds of New 

 York are found in the Salina stage of the Upper Siluric or Ontario 

 system. There are two main areas of Salina strata, of which the 

 larger is represented by a belt that extends with unbroken con- 

 tinuity from Albany county through centra! and western New 

 York to the Niagara river and thence into the province of Ontario. 

 The Salina of this area is mainly a shale formation. The other 

 elements are gypsum which occurs in the upper shale beds, rock 

 salt near the middle of the section, and limestone which is present 

 in the central and western parts as a thin capping to the shale and 

 also occurs in bands of inconsiderable thickness within the shale 

 itself. The sequence is here shown in order from the highesl to 

 the lowest member : 



5 Bertie zt'aterlime. An argillaceous magnesian limestone, pos- 

 ing hydraulic properties, [ts thickness ranges from about 50 

 feet in Erie county to [0 feet or less in eastern New York. Used 

 for natural cement. 



