THE MINING AND QUARRY INDUSTRY I909 69 



The silica sand used in connection with the molding sand for 

 the cores of the castings and known as core sand is obtained 

 mainly around Oneida lake in Oneida county. Its production 

 naturally increased also in 1909, the total being 30,230 tons 

 valued at $25,472, against 27,624 tons valued at $22,371 in 

 1908. 



SAND-LIME BRICK 



The manufacture of sand-lime brick showed a marked increase 

 during 1909, resulting in a production greatly in advance of that 

 of 1908, though not equalling the output for 1907. The total 

 production amounted to 12,683,375 brick valued at $81,693 as 

 against 8,239,450 brick valued at $55,688 in 1908. The average 

 value at the yard for the common brick in 1909 was $6.31 a 

 thousand. 



There were six companies who reported an output last year, 

 as follows : 



NAME LOCATION 



Buffalo Sandstone Brick Co Buffalo 



Rochester Composite Brick Co Rochester 



Paragon Plaster Co Syracuse . . 



Sandstone Brick Co Schenectady 



Schenectady Brick Co Schenectady 



Granite Brick Co Glens Falls 



The Grant Brick Co. of Brooklyn and the Dyett Sand-Lime 

 Brick Co., with a plant at Port Jefferson, are expected to begin 

 operations during the present season. 



Owing to the abundance of good brick clays in the State, 

 specially along the Hudson river, the sand-lime brick industry 

 is making no great progress, as compared with its growth in 

 some parts of the country. There seems no reason, however, 

 why the industry should not supply the local demand for the 

 material, since there are large quantities of sand and limestone 

 adapted to the purpose. 



In a paper by S. V. Peppel [Geological Survey of Ohio, Bulle- 

 tin 5] it is stated that the sand used for brick should show not 

 over 10 per cent clayey impurities and should pass through a 

 20-mesh sieve. The lime may be high calcium or magnesian, 

 but the former is preferred. The process consists o\ mixing the 

 hydrated lime with the sand, pressing the brick, and subjecting 

 them to a steam pressure of 120 pounds or so in a strong 

 cylinder for 10 hours. This cooking transforms some <^\ the ma- 



