40 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



nozzles. Repeated examinations failed to show a satisfactory 

 penetration by either type of nozzle though 145 or even 150 

 pounds pressure was employed. This condition was observed, 

 despite the fact that the calyx lobes for the most part showed 

 no signs of closing and were mostly turned back. This phe- 

 nomena was particularly apparent in the swelling fruit which 

 had evidently been fertilized and was not so evident in the case 

 of smaller apples doomed to shrivel and fall. The stamen bars 

 of the latter were more widely separated and therefore more 

 easily penetrated by the insecticide. 



The weather was fair, warm and with a light to rather stiff 

 breeze, the latter being more prevalent in the afternoon. The 

 pressure varied from 120 to 145 pounds. Adler's arsenate of 

 lead was employed instead of the Grasselli applied earlier, simply 

 because the stock of the latter had been exhausted. Two Friend 

 nozzles passed 4 gallons of spray mixture in i minute and 10 

 seconds at 150 to 160 pounds pressure, while i Bordeaux nozzle 

 with 150 pounds pressure took about i minute and 15 to 20 sec- 

 onds to discharge the same amount of insecticide. The pressure 

 while the Bordeaux nozzles were in use, varied from 125 to 

 145 pounds. The penetration w^as distinctly less than 10 days 

 previously. The eastern experimental trees w'ere covered fully 

 as thoroughly as the western ones in each of the plots. Plots 

 2 and 3 and 5 and 6 were sprayed, 2 and 3 with the new type 

 Friend nozzles and 5 and 6 with the Bordeaux nozzles. 



Third application, July 28. Experimental plots 3 and 6 were 

 sprayed for the third time, using 2 pounds of Adler's arsenate 

 of lead to 50 gallons of water and bordeaux mixture made with 

 4 pounds of copper sulfate to 50 gallons of water, enough lime 

 being added to satisfy the ferrocyanide test. The weather was 

 warm, clear and with very little or no wind. 75 gallons were 

 used on the 48 trees of plot 4 and nearly as much on the 48 

 trees of plot 6. 



General observations. Several weeks after spraying, the check 

 trees were plainly more wormy than those in the adjacent plots ; 

 the fruit as a wdiole was in excellent condition, the apples being 

 from I inch to i ^/^ inches in diameter. Some of the trees had 

 suffered from aphis attack and a portion of the fruit was more 

 or less deformed. Generally speaking, the fruit conditions 

 throughout the experimental plots were uniform, though some 

 trees will bear much more fruit than others. The experimental 

 trees on plot 4 showed considerable yellowing of the foliage. 



