40 PEAKE : THE AVI-FAUNA OF SETTLE AND UPPER RIBBLESDALE. 



Passer domesticus. House Sparrow. Abundant. 



Fringilla coelebs. Chaffinch. Local name, * Bull-spink.' 



Numerous in summer ; less so in winter, when one rarely sees 

 the female. Begins singing with regularity about February 16th. 

 I have once seen the cock bird sitting on the eggs. 



Linota cannabina. Linnet. Local name, 'Thorn Linnet. 7 Is 



now uncommon ; used to breed at Lawkland. 



Linota rufescens. Lesser Redpoll. Local name, 'Chivey 



Linnet/ Nests in a few places ; occurs in small bands in the 

 winter. 



Linota flavirostris. Twite. Local name, ' Ling Linnet.' 



A colony nest on Swarth Moor. 



Pyrrhula europaea. Bullfinch. Occurs in small bands in 



winter, and has bred regularly, but is becoming rarer, chiefly 

 owing, no doubt, to its being so much sought after by local 

 bird-fanciers, who teach them to whistle their favourite airs. 



Loxia curvirostra. Crossbill. Rare winter visitant. Some 



were shot in January 1888 by Mr. V. Birkbeck. 



Emberiza miliaria. Common Bunting. Not at all common. 

 Emberiza citrinella. Yellow Bunting. Local name 'Yellow 



Yowley, and Yowring.' Its rarity or absence in this stone wall 

 country is most marked. Personally I have seen no evidence of 

 it nearer than Bentham in the Wenning valley. 



Emberiza schceniclus. Reed Bunting. Common ; begins 



to return with regularity early in March. 



Plectrophanes nivalis. Snow Bunting. Regular winter 



visitant. May be met with on Ingleborough or Penyghent, 

 or on high ground like Malham Moor. The flocks often 

 consist of young birds, not remarkable for the typical white 

 plumage. 



Alauda arvensis. Skylark. Though it is said to have 



decreased, is still numerous in places during the nesting-season. 



Sturnus vulgaris. Starling. Local name 'Shipster.' Very 



abundant in summer ; breeds in the limestone crags and scars. 

 I hear the first young Starlings in the nest regularly about 

 May 1 8th in this neighbourhood, yet there are small flocks 

 about at the end of May or beginning of June! A notable 

 number breed in the masonry below the railway-bridge at 

 Giggleswick Station. The Starlings that frequent a house 

 where pigeons are kept at Giggleswick sometimes fly round 

 and round for play, evidently imitating the habit of the pigeons. 



Naturalist, 



