Crossland: Fungus Foray at Sutton, near Askern. 369 
and so arrest its recurrence, The rarer Rhytisma punctatum 
was also present on sycamore leaves. 
A field of clover near Campsall was noticed to be badly 
infected with the Clover Leaf-Spot, Pseudo-pesisa trifolit Fckl. 
Most of the leaves were more or less scabbed with this fungal 
parasite. The disease greatly reduces the quality of this 
valuable forage plant. Both these plant scourges are referred to 
in Massee’s recent ‘Text Book of Plant Diseases’ (Duckworth 
and Co.). This most valuable, practical book ought to be in 
the hands of every forester, farmer, and gardener in the country. 
It deals with the various plant diseases iv language free from 
unnecessary: technicalities, and, in most cases, figures are given 
of the parasite. In all cases methods of prevention are added. 
On Wednesday a portion of Burghwallis woods was looked 
through with fairly satisfactory results. On the same day a 
second visit was paid to a good corner of Owston Woods, when 
Hlelvella ephippium Lévy. and a few others were added to the list. 
n all 238 species were collected. 
On the Monday evening Mr. Massee gave a paper on ‘ The 
Modern Tendency of Mycological Study,’ which has already 
been printed in ‘The Naturalist’ (November 1899, Pp- 337-339): 
On the Tuesday evening Mr. Wager spoke on ‘ Fertilisation 
in the Fungi,’ in which he pointed out that in the Alga-like 
fungi such as Peronospora and Cystopus there is a very 
distinct sexual differentiation of male and female organs, and 
the phenomena of fertilisation are in every way comparable in 
their essential characteristics to those which occur in the higher 
plants. In some of the simpler forms of fungi there is a much 
less complete sexual differentiation; and in the higher forms, 
such as the Hymenomycetes, Ascomycetes, etc., there is what 
may be termed a pseudo-fertilisation, which replaces physio- 
logically the true sexual process, and may have been derived 
from it. The study of fertilisation processes in the fungi offers 
a wide field of research for the investigation of the problems 
connected with sexual processes. Mr. Clarke exhibited a fine 
series of stereoscopic photographs of fungi, some of which he 
has prepared from photographs taken at previous Y.N.U. 
Fungus Forays. The Secretary had a collection of water-colour 
drawings, accompanied by descriptions and notes of micro-fungi. 
On the Wednesday evening the committee was nominated for 
re-election for the ensuing year, with Mr. Massee as President 
and Mr. C. Crossland as Secretary. It was decided to recom- 
mend Mulgrave Woods, near Whitby, as the place for next 
year’s meeting. Thanks to the local landowners concluded 
a very pleasant and successful meeting. 
December 1899. 
