a 
in pamphlet form. Anxious to encourage others in the study 
of nature, he in 1886 conducted a series of free botanical classes. 
at Saltaire. At the close of the series he was presented ‘by 
the students with a valuable collection of books in recognition 
of his services. 
Ten or twelve years ago he turned his attention more’ 
especially to working out the life histories of those troublesome: 
fungal parasites known as Uredines, which prey so disas-’ 
trously upon many of our flowering plants, both wild and’ 
economic. Most of this class of fungi have two or three 
stages in their complete life-cycles. Sometimes all the stages 
are developed on the same host-plant, whilst in other cases 
the fungus requires a couple of hosts for its full development’ 
acters. The respective stages were formerly considered to be 
distinct species of fungi having no direct relationship with 
each other. Again, two species of fungi may affect one plant, 
even grow on the same leaf, thus making their investigation 
more complicated. His wide knowledge of flowering plants 
helped him materially in his biological studies of these fungi. 
His experimental researches have made known the life-his- 
tories of several species ‘ which had previously been shrouded 
in mystery or wrongly interpreted.’ Dr. Plowright, of King’s 
Lynn, one of our best British authorities on this class of fungi 
Says: ‘* Prior to his work the 42cidtwm and Pucrinia on Adoxa 
next cleared up the life history of Avcidium leucospermum which 
occurs on the wood-anemone, Anemone nemorosa, showing it by 
careful experimental cultures, to be an Endophylium * and that 
the fungus had nothing whatever to do with the Puccinia fusca 
which occurs on the same host-plant.” Dr. Plowright further 
says : “ He attacked that complicated problem, the life-history 
of the Puccinia on Phalaris arundinacea, proving that the Acidium 
on Lily-of-the-Valley belonged to one of them, which he named 
P. digraphidis, thereby opening a discussion amongst con- 
tinental botanists as to the relative value of these specific 
forms, which has hardly yet been concluded. His communi- 
cations to the Gardeners’ Chronicle were mostly upon plant 
diseases, the last being an account of his repetition and con- 
firmation of Klebahn’s (a Hamburgh botanist) cultures of 
P. Pringsheimiana on the garden gooseberry” and Carex 
ences The Aicidium was procured from the wild gooseberry 
