96 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [AUGUST 
later that this scarcely accords with the strict geological sequence 
as known at the present writing. 
W ooedworthia arizonica was described in 1910 by JEFFREY as a 
new genus from the triassic petrified forests of Arizona (38). It 
agrees in all respects with Araucarioxylon, with the exception of 
possessing short shoots and the absence of persistent leaf traces. 
The spur shoots are thought to persist as long as the axis which 
bore them. The spur shoots are held to show a relationship to the 
pine type of conifer. The failure of the subtending: leaf traces to 
persist indefinitely, as in living forms, is held to be an argument 
against this persistence being a primitive character. Notwith- 
standing the fact that the cretaceous Araucariopitys is much more 
abietinean in all respects and a much more modern type, the 
author is still disposed to cite the two as evidence of ‘‘ the tendency 
of the Araucarineae to become more and more like the Abietineae.”’ 
In 1911 Battey described a cretaceous Pityoxylon with marginal 
tracheids and concluded (2) that such marginal tracheids originated 
in the Upper Cretaceous. In a paper published in 1913, Miss 
Ho tpn has extended our knowledge of the generic and geologic dis- 
tribution of ray tracheids (25). She concludes from her study that 
(1) “ray tracheids are present normally in the Pityoxyla from the 
Middle Cretaceous on, and in the Abietineae”’; (2) “‘ray tracheids 
are present traumatically in the Taxodineae and the Cupressineae ”’ ; 
(3) ‘“‘on the evidence of traumatic recapitulations of ancestral 
characteristics, it is evident that thé Taxodineae and Cupressineae 
are descended from the Abietineae, having sprung from that line 
sometime after the Middle Cretaceous”’; (4) ‘‘since ray tracheids 
are universally absent in the Podocarpineae, Taxineae, and Arau- 
carineae, these lines must have come off the Abietineae at some 
time before the Middle Cretaceous.” 
In 1912 JEFFREY published a very complete résumé (42) of his 
views and investigations. The first part of the paper deals with 
wood parenchyma and medullary rays. He concludes: (1) “The 
ancestors of Araucaria and A gathis were characterized by the pos- 
session of wood parenchyma.”’ This conclusion rests on the facts 
that, though the living forms resemble the Cordaitales in the 
absence of wood parenchyma, it is present in the first annual rings of 
