204 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [OCTOBER 
the growth on the dorsal side of the sporophyll is very marked, 
resulting in the deflexing of the coalesced bract and scale. The 
bract is free only at the tip of the deflexed portion. ‘The vascular 
systems to the bract and scale are distinct from the strobilus cylin- 
der. The bract bundle remains single to the tip of the bract. The 
two scale bundles end in a dorsal row of numerous inverted bundles. 
The flank bundle may turn partly and lie nearer the ventral side 
of the appendage. 
The strobilus of Juniperus communis (figs. 105-113) consists of 
a whorl of three sporophylls united at the base and surrounding 
three ovules. In the older stage the sporophylls coalesce also at 
the tip, forming a fleshy berry-like body. The coalescence of 
bract and scale is complete. 
After the traces to the three bracts beneath the sporophylls 
have left the cylinder, each of the three remaining bundles divides 
into three; the median or bract bundle proceeds undivided into 
the bract; the two lateral or scale bundles divide, giving off some 
bundles to the dorsal side of sporophyll and some to ventral in 
such way that, including bract bundle, an oval ring of bundles 
with xylem facing is formed. 
TAXODINEAE 
The general features of the ovulate strobilus in the Taxodineae 
are spiral arrangement of sporophylls, reduction in number of 
sporophylls in some forms, considerable coalescence of bract and 
scale, and varying number and orientation of ovules. 
In Cryptomeria japonica (figs. 114-128) the axis of the young 
strobilus is very short and the sporophylls are crowded at the 
broadened summit. The ovules at this stage appear to be inserted 
on the strobilus axis. The scale begins its development as four to 
six lobes between the ovules and the dorsal side of the bract. In 
an older stage the axis has elongated, forming a globose cone. The 
erect ovules, usually three in number, are definitely inserted on 
the sporophyll. The lobed scale is united for two-thirds of its 
length to the bract. In the upper portion of the cone three bundles 
leave the axis for the sporophyll; one at the base of the gap to 
supply the bract, and one from each side of gap to supply the scale. 
