134 ON THE GENUS CITTURA. 



' Lokon,' and it is about 5000 feet high. This chain can be reached 

 from Manado within a few hours ; and yet in this neighbourhood the 

 seasons differ considerably. Both mountains are volcanoes, as most of the 

 mountains of the Minahassa are (the volcano-chain coming from the east, 

 from the Moluccas, and continuing over the Sangi Islands to the Philippines) ; 

 but the last noteworthy eruption here took place in the year 1832. 



" I mentioned before that the river of Manado comes from the lake of 

 Tondano. The view shows this outlet; it is taken from the side of the 

 lake, looking down the river — i. e. to the north. The large lake of Tondano 

 is at about 2000 feet altitude ; and the country around it belongs to the 

 finest in the Minahassa. In particular, the south point of the lake (a place 

 called Kakas, where no European resides) is a garden of rose-bushes and 

 coffee-trees, the climate being cool and agreeable in consequence of the high 

 level above the sea and the neighbourhood of the lake. The only drawback 

 is the rain : water pours down nearly all the year ; perhaps only two months 

 are without rain. I here took a longer sojourn, having chosen the place 

 as headquarters for my highland trips. The shores of the river of Tondano 

 are densely covered wdth tropical plants : among others, large tree ferns (to 

 the left) and bamboo (to the right) can easily be recognized About one 

 hour from Tondano, near Tonsea lama (a small village), the river forms a 

 fine cataract about 100 feet in height, which many persons consider to be 

 the finest in the Dutch possessions ; but I rather prefer the waterfall in the 

 neighbourhood of Maros, in South Celebes, which is not so high, but is 

 broader, and appears always to have a larger volume of water. The 

 Minahassa possesses many lakes ; that of Tondano is the largest, and 

 contains many fish, but not of many species." 



Dr. Meyer tells me that the name which the natives of the Minahassa — 

 that is to say, the " Alifuros " (not the Mahometan Malays, from the coast) 

 of the interior — give to Cittura cyanotis is " Kikis talun," talun meaning 



