138 ON THE GENUS CITTURA. 



" Mr. Sharpe, in his excellent Monograph (1868-71), figures on pi. 119 

 a male, without stating its sex. He does not mention at all (p. 301) sexual 

 or other differences in the coloration. But under the head of C. sanghirensis 

 (p. 300), some remarks are added by Dr. Finsch, who describes the female 

 of C. cyanotis (without knowing it to be the female) and a male of 

 C. sanghirensis, and comes to the conclusion that they are one and the same 

 species, the differences being caused by age. Mr. Sharpe therefore concludes 

 that C. sanghirensis also occurs on Celebes. This is not the case ; but the female 

 of C. cyanotis agrees with C. sanghirensis in having white superciliary spots. 



"• Lord Walden, in the year 1872 (Tr. Z. S. viii. p. 44), says : — ' It is not 

 improbable that the differences whereon Mr. Sharpe founded his C. sanghi- 

 rensis will prove to be common to the Celebean bird in certain phases of 

 plumage.' This sentence is not quite intelligible to me. Perhaps the author 

 meant that the two species- are different, but that they have some characters 

 in common ; all the differences whereon Mr. Sharpe founded his C. sanghirensis 

 are never common to both species. 



"Count Salvadori (Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. 1875, p. 654) first said that 

 it did not appear improbable to him that the white superciliary spots are a 

 sexual character ; but he agrees with Prof. Schlegel, that by this character 

 the two species cannot be distinguished. This is partly true, as the female 

 of C. cyanotis bears the white spots, and male and female of C sanghirensis ; 

 but the male of C cyanotis can be distinguished at once from C. sanghirensis 

 by the want of the spots. 



"Mr. Briiggemann, in 1876 (Abh. naturw. Ver. Bremen, v. p. 54), 

 speaks of two different stages, according to the season, relying upon the 

 view of Mr. van Duy venbode, a native of the country ; but one need only to 

 have been in the East to have experienced that no great stress can be laid 

 upon such views. The two stages which ]\Ir. Briiggemann describes 

 correspond to the sexual differences. 



" From this summary it will appear that the sexual differences of 



