30 FRESHWATER ENTOM0STII.VCA OF JJ.S.W. 1. CLADOCEEA, 



defined from the straight dorsal margin of the carapace. Posterior spine long, 

 only slightly upturned. Length 4.2 mm. 



Distribution. — N.S.W. : Swamps near Sydney, Denham Court, Campbell- 

 town, Clyde; Victoria; New Zealand. 



Genus Scapholebeeis Schoedler, 1858. 



Female. Carapace with the posterior and ventral margins straight, the latter 

 produced into two backwardly-directed spines. Body not compressed. Head 

 small, marked off from the thorax by a deep cervical sinus. Carapace reticulated. 

 One egg in the ephippium. 



Male. Very similar to the female. First foot provided with a hook. 



Thirteen species have been described, one of which is represented in New 

 South Wales. 



!^CAPHOLEBERis KiXGi Sars (Plate iv., fig. 3). 



Recorded by King (1852, p. 255) as Daplmia mucronata; recognised as a 

 new species and described by Sars in 1903. 



Female. Carapace, seen laterally, somewhat quadrangular in outline; dorsal 

 edge arched, ventral edges almost straight, each produced posteriorly into a 

 pointed projection. Head comparatively small. Surface of the carapace marked 

 by an irregular reticulation, the transverse ridges being prominent and running 

 parallel to the posterior edges. Eye large, with conspicuous lenses, ocellus small, 

 situated near the top of the rostrum. Post-abdomen short, bearing only four 

 pairs of anal denticles; ond-claws of moderate length, smooth. Colour dark 

 grey, sometimes nearly black. Length, female .8 mm., male .45 mm. 



This species swims close to the surface of the water, usually upon its back. 

 Its movements are very active. 



Distribution. — N.S.W. : Moore Park, i\raiily, Parrauiatta, Kendall: Victoria; 

 Sumatra; Siam; India; South Africa. 



Genus S i m o c e p h a l u s Schoedler, 1858. 



Female. Carapace large and broad with rounded angles. Head small, ros- 

 trum blunt. Eye of moderate size, ocellus present, sometimes elongated. Aaten- 

 nules short. Carapace marked by transverse striations, the striae anastomosing 

 irregularly. Post-abdomen large. Ephippium triangular, containing one egg. 



Male. Smaller than the female. Antennules with two lateral sense hairs. 

 First pair of feet without a flagellum and with a small claw. 



The members of this genus are not very active and will remain fixed to the 

 same spot for a long time. They swim on their backs making short trips through 

 the water at a uniform speed. Twenty species have been described, and five of 

 these are included in the New South Wales fauna. 



Key to species of Simoeephalus. 

 A. Ocellus punctiform. 



B. Posterior prominence obtuse. 



C. Forehead rounded australien-sis. 



CO. Forehead with a pointed projection acutirostratus. 



BB. Posterior prominence pointed ilieringi. 



AA. Ocellus elongated. 



B. Body symmetrical elizabethae. 



BB. Body asymmetrically produced gibbosus. 



