186 GEOLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY OF CLARENCETOWN-PATERSON DISTRICT, i., 



On the Limeburner's Road, near the locality known as "The Gap," eou- 

 giomerates occur underlying rocks of the Volcanic Stage. These are undoubtedly 

 the faulted equivalents of those outcropping in the vicinity of Clarencetown. 

 They can be easily traced south to Caswell's Creek and the cross-road from East 

 Seaham to Raymond Terrace, forming the densely wooded slopes which lie west 

 of a well-marked ridge formed of rocks of the Volcanic Stage, running from 

 "The Gap" four miles south-south-west. 



One of the most interesting areas of these basal conglomerates and tuffs is 

 that extending from Mt. Douglas towards Martin's Creek. ^ The high cliffs of 

 Mt. Douglas, so conspicuous from the North Coast Road near Hilldale, are 

 composed of these rocks dipping at 13° in a direction S 20° W, and capped in 

 places by Cainozoic basalt. Following on in the direction of dip one comes 

 upon a small outcrop of hornblende-andesite (whose position is difficult to ac- 

 count for) and then, from this point to the south side of the valley of Shingle- 

 Splitter's Creek, the rocks of the Basal Stage are found. Their limit to the 

 west seems to be a line of faulting and to the east they are definitely cut ofE by 

 a large fault (see map). If strike-faulting be absent along the line of dip just 

 mentioned, a thickness of 3500 feet is indicated, since the general dip steepens 

 somewhat as one proceeds south, but on account of local changes in the strike and 

 dip, and the definite existence of a series of obliquei faults encircling the region 

 in question, one feels sure that the thickness is apparent, and due to strike- 

 faulting having taken place in addition to the faulting on the margins of the 

 Basal Stage outcrop. 



Within 50 feet of the base of the Volcanic Stage there occurs a plant fossil 

 horizon, details of the fossil content of which have been given above. In por- 

 tions 107 and . 118, Parish of Barf ord, on the slopes of the Valley of Shingle- 

 Splitter's Creek, this stratum is encountered, and can be followed to the east for 

 some distance. 



Owing to faulting these rocks should next be found at the back of the 

 heavy brushes cloaking the steep valleys of the tributaries of Tumbledown Creek 

 in portions 105 and 113, Pai-ish of Barford. Although no leaf and stem im- 

 pressions or casts occur as at the other locality, chalcedonic replacements of tree 

 trunks are quite frequent at this place. Beyond portion 54, Parish of Barford, 

 this plant-bearing horizon is not traceable any further to the east until one 

 reaches the Williams River, a little below the township of Clarencetown. In two 

 spots the fossil plants are again observed. The first is in portion 153, Parish of 

 Uffington, towards its south-eastern corner, on the riverbank, where a rather good 

 example of Stigmaria was obtained. The other occun-ence is in a small washout 

 of a creek draining through portion 16, Parish of UflSngton, and just west of, 

 the lane iiinning from the Limeburner's Road to Seaham. 



(ii.) Volcanic Stage. 



As is apparent from the stratigraphieal discussion, one finds that some units 

 in this portion of the system do not persist for any great distance, others appear 

 in different relative positions at different districts, while others have a wide dis- 

 tribution and preserve a uniformity of position in the sequence. 



The hornblende-andesite (Martin's Creek type) is developed to its gi'eatest 

 extent at Martin's Creek Township, where it gives rise to a curving dip-surface 

 extending from portions 107 and 118, Parish of Barford, south to where Martin's 

 Creek passes under the railway line. Starting in portion 107 the strike is about 

 north-west and changes quickly to N. 15° W. which carries on till just near the 



