BY G. D. OSBORNE. , 191 



also compose the hills south and south-east of Mt. Johnstone, which gradually 

 decrease in height as one comes to Paterson Township. In addition they form a 

 considerable portion of the drainage area of Tucker's Creek. 



A well-marked depression in the timbered hills to the east of Paterson is 

 due to the existence of an area of these comparatively soft rocks, which have 

 been faulted so as to be surrounded by the harder toseanite. Further to the 

 east these tuiJEs and conglomerates cover an extensive area between Tumbledown 

 Creek and the headwaters of Wattle Creek, being concealed just at Eed Hill by 

 a flow of Tertiai-y basalt. The heavy fault passing through a little to the west 

 of Glenoak can be traced right down to the Paterson-Seaham Road near Butter- 

 wick, and is thus responsible for pla.eing the tuffs and conglomerates close to 

 this road, where they form the greater part of a long whale-back outcrop known 

 as Little Brandy Hill. Big Brandy, close by, is also composed of these sedi- 

 ments. 



Further extensive areas of these rocks occur in the rough country in the 

 northwestern corner of the Parish of Seaham, where a number of the small tri- 

 butaries of the Williams River have their rise; and a trapezoidal area, south of 

 Glenoak, bounded on the east by the river and on the west by a lai-ge fault, is 

 also occupied by the outcrops of these frag-mental rocks. The continuation of 

 the last-mentioned outcrops to the east of the River is obscured by alluvium, 

 but the rocks are again well seen further eastwards, forming much of the country 

 at the feet of the slopes to the south-east of the Gilmore ridge, and ultimately 

 being cut oft' by a heavy strike-fault which places them against the Burindi 

 Beds. An effect of this fault, also, is to duplicate the outcrop of the tuffs and 

 conglomerates, causing them to appear overlying the ridge of Volcanic Stage 

 rocks running from The Gap south towards Raymond Terrace. 



The conglomerate which forms the basal unit in the Glacial Stage is not 

 found on the western portion of the area surveyed, but from near portion 99, Parish 

 of Barford, across to the country east of Mt. Gilmore, it is a constant feature, 

 having its maximum development near Oakendale, where it outcropis in huge 

 boulders in portions 164 and 167, Parish of Utfmgton, and forms a flat pave- 

 ment in the bed of Tumbledown Creek, and a vertical cliff rising therefrom, the 

 general locality of these occurrences being called the "Black Rocks." 



It forms a small, but marked hill, just east of the residence of Mr. Adamson, 

 schoolmaster at Glenoak, where there is an abundance of quartzite and aplite 

 pebbles, and maintains these features right to the outcrop on the Limeburner's 

 Eoad. 



The varves near Glenoak occur in portion 138, Parish of Uffing-ton, on a 

 hillside immediately to the north-west of a small branch fault {see map). , They 

 constitute a small saddle, which effects a physiographic break in the otherwise 

 simple profile of a hill of tuff and tuffaceous conglomerate, and this feature can 

 be followed round to a creek in portion 131, and also north-west into portion 99. 

 The rocks have been found not in situ, in the bed of the creek in portion 109, 

 Parish of Barford, but the parent rock was not located. 



It is to be noted here that to the east of the Williams River in portion 35, 

 Parish of Wilmot, there is a white cherty rock associated with the conglomerate 

 at the base of the Glacial Stage, which has some features in common with glacial 

 varves, but in the absence of confirmatory evidence, one hesitates to assign to it 

 a glacial origin. 



The thin cherty shales carrying remains of the Bhaoopteris flora have a wide 

 distribution. They have been noted in the talus upon the slopes of Mt. Johnstone 



