BY II. H. KABNY. 273 



tbe methods of preservation; tbey were probably all dead when they came into 

 alcohol. 



The thrips undergo their whole development in their galls, and all stages 

 (Text-fig. 6) are therefore present in these cavities. There is only one species 

 of Australian Tubulifera, as far as known to the author, namely Idolothrips 

 ■spsctrum Haliday, of which we already know the whole development (Froggatt, 

 Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., xxix., 1904, pp. 54-57, Plate iii.). But this is an 

 Idolothripid and agrees therefore with the Phloeothripid Thaiimatothrips only 

 in the general characters common for all Tubulifera, but diverges in some 

 special differences according to development of antennae and »nd of abdomen, to 

 colour of the stages, etc. The life-cycle of ThaumatotJtrips agrees somewhat 

 more closely with that of some Javanese Pbloeothripidae, as described by the 

 author (Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, (2) s., 1913, pp. 79, 85, 101). 



Eggs ovate, about 500^ (or a little more) long, and 250 yu, (or a little less) 

 wide, rounded at both ends, but somewhat broader near the head of embryo, some- 

 what tapering towards its hind end. The shell of the egg shows a distinct, poly- 

 gonal structure, as already known from the European Tricliothrips ulmi (Ahlberg, 

 Ark. Zool., xiii., 17, 1920, p. 9) and the African Gynaikothrips ebneri (Kamy, 

 Denksehr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 98, 1921, sep. p. 22). The one side (dorsal of 

 embryo) of egg is somewhat more rounded, the other (ventral of embryo) nearly 

 straight. Colour lemon- to orange-yellow. Before emergence of larva, it is 

 already very well visible through the egg-shell. 



First larval stage somewhat longer than egg, because the hind end of em- 

 bryo in the egg is ventrally curved forwards. General colour pale yellow, with- 

 out a red hypodermal pigment. Antennae very short and stout, nearly as long 

 as the head (including mouth-cone) ; their middle joints about as long as wide. 

 Basal three segments very pale yellowish, scarcely perceptibly shaded with 

 greyish; fourth a very little more greyish; 5—7 still more shaded with grey. 

 Head in the anterior part near the insertion of antennae distinctly greyish, 

 with two pairs of long bristles. Mouth-cone reaching to base of prostemum, 

 broadly rounded at apex. Thorax on each segment laterally with a very long 

 bristle, nearly as long as the head (including mouth-cone). Abdomen short, 

 with very long bristles on each seginent, only a little shorter than those of thorax, 

 and about twice as long as the tube. Ninth segment transversely dark grey in 

 the apical half. Tube short, broad at base, much tapering to apex, dark grey, 

 with two longer and some smaller bristles at the end. 



Second stage of the same general colour as the first; but prothorax a little 

 shaded with grey. Antennae nearly as in the first stage. Mouth-cone not fully 

 reaching to base of prostemum. Bristles of thorax very long, but comparatively 

 shorter than in the first stage, shorter than the head (including mouth-cone). 

 Abdomen long and wide; its bristles about half as long as those of thorax and 

 only a little longer than the tube; but the seventh segment on each side with a 

 very long bristle, only a little shorter than those of the thorax. Ninth segment 

 and tube as in the first stage. 



Third stage coloured as the preceding ones, without hypodermal pigment, 

 but with a well-defined, transverse, rhomboidal, gi-eyish spot behind the insertion 

 of antennae, and with two larger seutiform ones on the disc of pronotum. An- 

 tennae longer and slenderer than in the preceding stages, their middle joints 

 considerably longer than wide; the three basal joints pale yellowish, the four 

 apical ones very dark grey. Mouth-cone only a little oven-eaehing the midst of 

 prostemum. Bristles arranged as in the preceding stag-es, but comparatively 



