310 STUDIES IN SYMBIOSIS, i.. 



The fung-us obtains carbohydrate from the host-cell; when it is disorganized 

 the host-cell receives proteid. The absence of root-hairs and the lack of chloro- 

 phyll seem to suggest that the host receives all its requirements from the fungus 

 — directly or , indirectly — H2O, ash constituents, and carbonaceous substances 

 from the humus which are synthesised directly by the host into carbohydrates; 

 nitrogen indirectly in the form of proteid from the fungus. 



In Dipodium the "symbiotic saprophytism" has practically become a case of 

 the higher plant being parasitic upon the endophyte. 



I desire to record my very sincere thanks to Professor A. A. Lawson, in 

 whose laboratory this work was conducted, for his helpful suggestions, advice 

 and kindly criticism. 



Literature. 



Acton, 1889. — The Assimilation of Carbon by Green Plants from certain organic 



compounds. Proc. Roy. Soc, xlvi., p. 118. 

 Becoaei, 0., 1871. — Petrosavia. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital, iii., pp. 7 — 11. 

 Frane, 1892. — LehrbiKh der Botanik. 

 Geoom, 1895. — On Thisrma Aseroe (Beccari) and its Mycorhiza. Ann. Botany, 



ix., pp. 327 et seq. 



, 1895a. — On a New Saprophytic Monocotyledon. Ann. Bot., ix., pp.45 — 56. 



Janse, J. M., 1897. — Les Endophytes radicaux de quelques plantes javanaises. 



Ann. Jard. de Buit., xiv. 



JOST, Plant Physiology. Eng. Transl. pp. 240 — 243. 



Lang, 1899. — The P'rothallus of Lycopodium clavatiim, h.Ann. Bot., xiii., pp. 



291—296. 

 Lawson, A. A., 1917. — The Prothallus of Tmesipteris Tannensis. Trans. Roy. 



Soc. Edin., li., Part iii., pp. 787 — 790. 

 ■ , 1918. — The Gametophyte Generation of the Psilotaceae. Trans. Roy. Soc. 



Edin., Iii., Part i., p. 102. 

 Magnus, P., 1900. — Studien un der endotropen Mycorthiza yon Neottia Nidus 



avis. Jahrb. f. wiss. Bot., 35, 205. 

 Mangin, 1898. — Sur la structure des Mycorhizis. Compt. Bend., 126, p. 978. 

 Marshall Ward, 1899. — Symbiosis. Ann. Bot., xiii., 549 — 561. 

 McDouGALL, 1898. — Saprophytism. Plant World, 2, p. 23. 

 McDouGALL, 1899. — Symbiotic Saprophytism. Ann. Bot., xiii., pp. 1 — 46. 

 MiTOSHi, 1894. — Uber Chemotropismus der Pilze. Bot. Zeit. 1894. 

 MoORE and Betche, 1893. — Flora of New South Wkles. 

 NoEBE, F., and Hiltnee, L., 1899. — Landw. Versuchsstat., Berlin, 51, p. 241; and 



52, 455. 

 Shibata, K., 1902. — Cytologische Studien iiber die endotrophen Mj'korrhizen. 



Jahrb. wiss. Bot., 37, 643—684. 

 Spratt, E. R., 1912. — The formation and physiological significance of the root- 

 nodules in the Podocarpineae. Ann. Bot., xxvi., p. 801. 

 Stahl, 1900.— Jahrb. f. wiss. Bot., 34, 539. 



Teeub, 1886. — Etudes sur les Lycopodiacees. An7i. Jard. de Buit., 5. 

 "Wahelich, 1885. — Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Orchideen. — Wui-zelpilze. Bot. 



Zeit., 44. 

 Weiss, 1904. — A Mycorhiza from the Lower Coal Measures. Ann. Bot., xviii., 



255—264. 



