32 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



being a trace. These figures mean from a maximum of 2.64 grains 

 in a gallon, to a trace. 



Phosphoric acid was detected in two cases by the early chemists 

 and was assigned to calcium as Ca3(P04)2 each time by the same 

 chemist. The amounts were 3.57 and 3.23 parts per million of 

 calcium phosphate. In the Chandler series the phosphoric acid is 

 assigned to the sodium, and when reckoned as sodium phosphate 

 ranges from a maximum of .44 parts in a million (.026 grains in a 

 gallon) to a trace in five out of thirteen cases. In the Department 

 of Agriculture series the phosphoric acid radicle (PO4) was only 

 found once in seventeen cases ; all the rest gave none. Calculated as 

 calcium phosphate Ca3(P04)2 it was 3.8 parts in a million (.22 

 grains per gallon). 



Boron in some form of boracic acid has been occasionally 

 reported. None of the older chemists detected it. In the Chandler 

 series it is calculated as biborate of soda, and is reported as a trace 

 in every analysis, never exceeding this value. In the analyses from 

 the Department of Agriculture none at all was found in three of the 

 seventeen cases, but in the other fourteen it varies from a small 

 amount to a trace. It was in no case actually weighed as its deter- 

 mination in small quantities is difficult. 



Alumina was recognized by the early chemists and was reported 

 in seven out of sixteen analyses. Its maximum was 26.69 parts in 

 a million (1.57 grains in a gallon) in the Union spring and its mini- 

 mum a trace in three cases. It is always mentioned in the Chandler 

 series and varies from a superior value of 20.8 parts in a million 

 (1.22 grains per gallon) in the High Rock, to a trace in three cases. 

 The analyses of the Department of Agriculture are not expressed 

 so as to be of much service. Elementary aluminum is combined with 

 elementary iron. These are sometimes recast as the combined oxids, 

 and sometimes a portion of the iron is apparently assumed and cal- 

 culated as bicarbonate. The combined elements range from a maxi- 

 mum of 97.8 parts in a million (5.8 grains per gallon) in the Mag- 

 netic (partly recast as 80 parts Fe^Og, AI0O3, and 132.9 parts 

 Fe(HC03)2) to a minimum of .8 (.05 grains per gallon) in the 

 Champion. The Magnetic spring is, however, very exceptional. 

 The next value to it is 14.7, so that the general range is approxi- 

 mately from 15 to I. 



Silica was recognized by the early chemists and was mentioned in 

 eleven out of sixteen cases. It ranged from 55.25 parts in a million 

 (3.25 grains per gallon) to a trace. It is always reported by 

 Doctor Chandler and has a maximum of 54.6 parts per million (3.2 



