42 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



prevailing temperature is somewhat above the mean annual tem- 

 perature for Saratoga Springs. 



The temperatures are appreciably higher in the summer than in 

 the colder season, undoubtedly from the effect of the admixture of 

 surface waters which vary with the months of the year. Mr J. C. 

 Minor, jr, has made the following observations upon the wells of 

 the former New York Co., now the General Carbonic Company. 

 All but the last two were pumped wells. 



April 24, 1909 June 7, 1909 August 15, 1909 



Old Hurlbut Well 



51.2 F. 



52.3 F. 



53-2 



No. I Well 





50.3 



51.8 



56.8 



1 Hathorn No. 



I 



51.4 



52.9 



53.8 



iHathorn No. 



2 



51.0 



52.5 



53.6 



Bridge 





50.3 



50.8 



53.0 



Hayes 





51.2 



52.1 



53.2 



Adams 





48.2 



49.8 



50.5 



2Carlsbad 







50.7 



51.4 



THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF THE WATERS 

 Doctor Chandler records the specific gravity of nine of the Sara- 

 toga springs ; they vary with the amount of dissolved solids ranging 

 from a minimum of 1.0034 to a maximum of 1.012.^ The Ballston 

 waters which are specially rich in dissolved salts, range from 1.0125 

 to 1. 01 59. 



CLASSIFICATION * 

 Mineral waters are necessarily classified upon the basis of their 

 chemical composition. A grouping especially favored in America 

 is the following. A thermal spring, as defined by A. C. Peale, is 

 one whose temperature exceeds 70° F. The scheme below is Hay- 

 wood's modification of Peak's original proposal : 



^ These wells called Hathorn No. i and No. 2 are not to be con- 

 founded with the well-known spring in the village nor with the new 

 flowing springs south of Geysers Station. The names are purely of 

 local application. 



- Now the Caesa. 



3 There is an obvious misprint in the tabulated analysis of 1.096 for 

 1.0096 under the Congress Water. Amer. Chemist, Dec. 1871, p. 203. It 

 is repeated in Cairn's Quant. Analysis. 



*This subject is well treated by A. C Peale in "Mineral Waters of the 

 United States," U. S. Geol. Survey, 14th Ann. Rep't. 



With minor subdivisions much the same is also used by J. K. Haywood, 

 in Bulletin 91, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, from which the analyses have 

 been taken and so often commented upon above. Peale's classification is 

 based on recast salts, Haywood's on ions. 



