58 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



tories, New York, and was made in 1910. It illustrates the most 

 northerly of the present active springs, since the Gurn is eight 

 miles from Saratoga Springs. The analysis brings out the tendency 

 of the waters to the north to be richer in calcium, which in turn 

 calls for more CO3 and reduces the chlorin and sodium. The same 

 effect is shown in the Seltzer water. 



If in the above analyses we arbitrarily reduce the calcium to 1.67 

 as given in the sea water richest in this element, and the CO3 to .46, 

 as given in the sea water richest in this ion, thereby necessarily 

 assuming the existence of calcium chlorid which no one has hitherto 

 recalculated for the Saratoga waters, we can get a line on the ratio 

 of sodium, chlorin, and magnesium. All this is done on the assump- 

 tion that the high calcium is obtained from the limestone. Some 

 magnesium is also undoubtedly obtained from the magnesium lime- 

 stone, but the difference between the mineral waters and the sea 

 water is not so great. In the recasting I have used the nearest round 

 numbers. Thus, the analyses of the mineral waters have their 

 several percentages respectively increased by dividing by approxi- 

 mately the following residual percentages : 82, 'J2, 79, 66^, 79 

 and 66%, left by abstracting the Ca and CO3. 



HATHORN 

 SEA SEA FRANKLIN, HATHORN, CONGRESS, SELTZER, NO. 2, GURN, 



WATER WATER BALLSTON SARATOGA SARATOGA SARATOGA GEYSERS WILTON 



CI 55.12 55.01 51.20 54.36 53.17 52.60 52.00 43.23 



Br .18 .13 .44 .21 1.40 .30 .13 .24 



SO^ 7.47 8.00 .05 tr. .11 .20 .05 



CO3 .46 .14 .46 .46 .46 .46 .46 .46 



Na 30.46 30.47 35.12 35.00 35.00 37.55 40.00 40.00 



K I. 16 .96 2.42 .90 I. 00 .60 .61 3.74 



Ca I. 41 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 1.67 



Mg 3-74 3.53 6.10 5.13 4.30 4.20 4.00 5.23 



Rest .09 2.20 1.60 1. 91 2.40 1.40 5.40 



100.00 100.00 99.66 99.33 99.02 99.98 100.32 99.97 



The first analysis of sea water is the one having the maximum 

 CO3, and is an average of six from the Black sea. The salinity 

 varied from 22,230 parts in a million to 18,260. The second analysis 

 of sea water has the maximum Ca and is from the Baltic sea. The 

 salinity was 7215 parts per million. In these statements the car- 

 bonates are all calculated as normal carbonates, and the salinity is 

 reckoned on the evaporated residue. In the mineral waters, ex- 

 pressed in the same way, the salinity varies from 16,870 parts per 



