﻿318 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [april 



nucleus, but from the darkly stained mass. Around each of the 

 deeply stained bodies a faintly defined areola can be seen (fig. 36). 

 In subsequent stages, instead of being disposed without order on 

 the periphery of the mass, they seem rather to form an equatorial 

 band around the cylinder (figs. 37, 38). Those which seem to be 

 well defined, and hence possibly properly called chromosomes, 

 average 14 in number. They may become looped and arranged in 

 such manner that ends of the loops may present an appearance 

 as if constituting a single row of granules (fig. 40). The other 

 granular material composing the cylinder now shows a tendency 

 to longitudinal striation (figs. 41, 42, 43); later it takes the form 

 of pyramids (figs. 46, 47, 48). When the masses take the form of 

 pyramids the apices of the pyramids point to the poles of the spindle. 

 The edges of the pyramids may stain almost as black with chromatin 

 stains as the other bodies (figs. 46, 47). Comparison of living 

 materials with stages showing pyramidal arrangement of chromatic 

 substance suggests that the pyramids, with their apices always 

 pointing to the spindle poles, are but fixations of the streams 

 emanating from the oppositely charged jelly-like opalescent disks. 

 A spindle inclined by pressure shows, as the mass condenses, small 

 thickenings of chromatin appearing at the edge of the substance 

 (fig. 39); hence the thickenings are not confined to the denser 

 filaments in the bands. Again, in many sections the pyramidal 

 appearance of the chromatic material suggests in its orientation 

 an incompletely formed spireme (fig. 47). At this stage the 

 pyramidal masses discharge droplets of material from the edge of 

 the equatorial band (figs. 47, 52). 



A gradual amalgamation and condensation of the two substances 

 next occurs. The looplike nature of the lighter stained material 

 and the pyramidal appearance are brought out in figs. 4° anci 47- 

 Analyses of these figures show that as they amalgamate they form 

 groups, each group consisting of 4 masses inclosing a vacuole. 

 Such structure of groups is like that described for groups making 

 up chromosomes in Allium (9). Comparison of fixed cytoplasm 

 shows that granules in the cytoplasm often assume this form. Its 

 frequent occurrence shows that we have not a splitting of materials; 

 hence such appearances could play no important part in theories 



