65 
NOTES ON BRITISH ELMS. 
By tHE Rev. Aveustin Ley, M.A. 
(PuatE 503.) 
Wirn the exception of Mr. Boulger’s admirable essay, pub- 
lished in the Scottish Naturalist in 1879, little seems to have been 
published on this subject since the time of the great writers of the 
Nothing more is attempted in the present brief paper than to 
furnish a framework, which other observers may fill in, and the 
i i d. 
double set of observations necessary, in spring and summer, yet 
with a little trouble it is nearly always possible to obtain complete 
Specimens. It will be found that the characters derived from the 
correlated with other characters, less essential but 
oT noticeable, derived from the habit and vegetative system of 
the tree. 
hairs, and its lower extremity terminates in an angle or curve, 
which varies regularly in the different species, and affords a useful 
diagnostic character. 
ext to the samara, the habit of propagation by suckers, so 
e ) 
of importance. This has a direct relation to the perfecting of the 
seeds, of such sort that where the propagation by suckers is 
absent the seeds are uniformly fertile; where that reaches its 
one end by JU. scabra, in which the suckers are 0 and the seeds 
uniformly fertile; at the other by U. surculosa, in which the 3 
JOURNAL oF Borany.—Vou. 48. [Marcn, 1910.] F 
