\0(l 



GEOLOdlOAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1852-3. 



[1854. 



The quantity given in that report, 26-8 cubic inches was cal- 

 culated for an American standard gallon of 231 cubic inches. 

 The feebly saline and sulphurous waters, 23, 24, and 25, of 

 division A, resemble this in the predominance of sulphates. 



All of the springs of division A, with the exception of those 

 of Ancaster, which belong to the Niagara group, issue from 

 Lower Silurian rocks ; the water of Ste.-Anne, No. 17, comes 

 from the Oneida conglomerate, and of the others, Nos. 3, 8, 

 16, 18, 21, and perhaps 6 and 14, issue from the Utica slates 

 or the Hudson River group, while the others belong to the 

 Trenton limestone, and that of Fitzroy to the Chazy or Calci- 

 ferous sandrock, to the latter of which the water of Ste. -Mar- 

 tine is probably to be referred. Of the remaining thirteen, 

 Nos. 1, 2, and 17 rise from the Utica slates, and the others 

 from the Hudson River group, with the exception of 16, 

 which issues from the conglomerates immediately above. 



CLASS I. SALINE T^'ATERS. — Divi.tion A. Cftiitaiiiing Chlnrids of Earthy Bases. 



3 



4 



5 



6 



7 



? 



9 



10 



1] 



12 



13 



J4 



15 



10 



1 



18 

 19 

 20 

 21 

 2-2 

 23 

 2-1 

 2.5 

 26 

 2 



LOCALITIES AND NAJIKS. 



Ancaster (Salt Well) 



Bay St. Paul 



La-Baie-du-Febvro (Lafort's Spring) 



Alfred 



Caledonian ("Intermittent") 



St. -Leon 



Caxton 



Riviere-Ouelle 



Plantagenet (La Rocque's Spring) ... 



Lanoraie 



Gloucester 



Plantagenet (Georgian Spring) 



Kingston 



Point-du.Jour 



L'Original (Langlois' Spring) 



La-Baie-du-Febvre (Loizeau's Spring 



Ste.-.Anne-de-la-Pocatiero 



Pike River (Saline) 



Ancaster (Sulphur) 



St. Benoit 



Pike River (Sulphur) 



St. Eustache 



Les-Eboulmens (Sulphur) 



Fitzroy (Grant's Sulphur Spring) ... 

 Pakenliam Village (Sulphur Spring) 



Westmeath (Petrifying Spring) 



Matan River Gasp^ 



iNlOOC 

 Parts. 



30-57 



20-68 



15'94 



14-50 



14-03 



13-83 



13-65 



13-66 



13-16 



12-88 



11-20 



10-98 



10-16 



7-36 



6-40 



5-44 



5-06 



4-76 



-70 



!EE P.KrOKT FOR 



1852 

 *1849 

 *1851 

 1852 

 *1851 

 1852 

 1850 

 1851 

 1853 

 1852 

 1849 

 1848 

 1849 

 1849 

 18.50 

 1851 

 1847 



NEW MINERAL. WILSONITE. 



A specimen said to be from the second lot of the ninth con- 

 cession of Bathurst, furnished by Dr. Wilson of Perth, to 

 Professor Williamson of Kingston, to whose kindness I am in- 

 debted for the opportunity of examining it, has afforded me 

 two very interesting species. It consists of a white crystalline 

 pyroxene, or diopside, with copper pyrites, small crystals of 

 silvery-gray mica, prisms of bluish-green apatite, and portions 

 of a milk-white oleavable calcite, together with a rose-red 

 mineral, having in its general aspect some resemblance to a 

 common variety of woUastonite or tabular spar. 



It occurs massive, with cleavages which indicate an oblique 

 system of crystallization ; according to Prof. E. C. Chapman, 

 of the University of Toronto, who has examined a specimen in 

 the collection of the Canadian Institute, the cleavage prism is 

 apparently right rhomboidal, and the inclination of M : T= 

 ilOo — 115o. The cleavages with jM. and P are perfect and 

 easily obtained, giving to the mass a fibrous aspect ; with T 

 the cleavage is imperfect. Hardness, 3-5 ; density 2-765 — 

 2-776. Lustre vitreous, shining, occasionally pearly on the 



cleavage surfaces. Color, rose-red to peach-blossom-red ; sub 

 translucent; fracture uneven. 



ASALTSIS. 



I 11 III 



Silica 42-SO ... 43-00 ... 43-55 



Alumina \ ^.g.^^ ... 27-80 ... 27-94 



Oxydsof Iron and Manganese J ■■■ " ... -70 ... -20 



Lime 0-G4 ... 0-72... 6-50 



Magnesia 3.99... 3-83... 3-81 



Potash 8-27 ... 8-27 ... 8-37 



Soda -95 ... -95 ... 1-45 



Water 9 00 ... 9-40 ... 8-61 



100-15 100-67 100-43 



As this interesting mineral appears to constitute a new spe- 

 cies, I have named it Wlhonite, after its discoverer Dr. Wilson, 

 who has long been known as a zealous student of the miner- 

 alogy of his district. It is to be wished that farther examina- 

 tion may detect distinct crystals of the mineral ; a single im- 

 perfect one, having its angles rounded, was found in the 

 calcite. 



Lievrite. — A mineral which is to be referred to this rare 

 species was received from C. Billings, Esq., of Bytown, a gen- 

 tleman whose zeal and activity in the pursuit of mineralogy 

 and geology give promise of valuable results. It was found as 

 a rolled mass of some ounces in weight, coated with a hydrated 

 oxyd like limonite, resulting from a superficial decomposition. 

 Within, the mineral is unaltered, and has a hardness of 5-5, 

 and a density of 4-15 — 4-16. Lustre sub-metallic, shining, 

 occasionally iridescent ; color velvet-black : streak and powder 

 yellowish ash-grey ; it is slightly translucent on the edges, 

 very thin scales transmit a brownish light. Fracture uneven, 

 brit.le, strongly attracted by the magnet. It cleaves imper- 

 fectly in two directions oblique to each other. 



Before the blow-pipe on charcoal the mineral intumesces and 

 yields a black slag which is still magnetic. It gelatinizes 

 readily with hydrochloric acid, but the silica which separates 

 retains a small portion of iron. The solution contains pro- 

 toxyd wiih some peroxyd of iron, besides a little magnesia, 

 lime, and a trace of manganese. For its complete analysis 

 the mineral was decomposed by fusion with carbonate of soda. 

 The amount of peroxyd of iron was determined by decom- 

 posing the finely powdered mineral with hydrochloric acid in a 

 vessel filled with carbonic acid gas, and after adding recently 

 boiled water, digesting it with a weighed plate of metallic 

 copper, in the manner prescribed by Fuc-hs ; the amount of 

 copper dissolved, corresponded to 9-93 per cent, of peroxyd. 

 Another determination was made with similar precautions, by 

 adding to the diluted hydrochloric solution, phosphate of soda, 

 and then acetate of soda in excess. The precipitated perphos- 

 phate of iron gave 10-80 per cent, of peroxyd, while the entire 

 amount of iron as peroxyd was 73-6 per cent., giving 56-52 

 for the amount of protoxyd in the silicate. The results of 

 analysis were as follows : — 



Silica 27-80 ... 28-20 



Protoxyd of Iron 56-52 



Peroxyd „ 10-80 ... 9-93 



Magnesia 2-59 



Lime .64 



Loss by i nition 1-20 



99-55 

 The ratio between the oxygen of the silica and that of the 

 other constituents, the water included, is 14-72 : 18-21, or 

 very nearly 4 : 5, which is that required by Rammelsberg's 



