146 



METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS, &c. 



[1855. 



of iron aro frequently difFcrent at their opposite ends, for whilst one 

 is tougli the other may sometimes be broken ■with a slight stroke of 

 the hammer. 



Mr. Vf. Clay explained the construction and mode of fixing the 

 large fly-wheel of the Warsey forge, which is the largest fly-wheel in 

 the world. It is 35 feet in diameter, and 60 tons weight, and its axle 

 is mounted on friction rollers. — Mr. Clay also produced and explained 

 the model of a machine used for rolling taper iron, hy which an iron bar 

 may be rolled of any length and tapered to any required degree. The 

 principle of the action of the machine consists in keeping one of the 

 rollers fixed in its bearings by hydraulic pressure. A valve, regulated 

 by a fine screw, permits the water to escape, and thus as the operation 

 proceeds the rollers become more and more separated, and the irou 

 bar less flattened. By regulating the valve, so as to allow of greater 

 or less escape of the water, the degree of tapering can be very accu- 

 rately adjusted. 



Meteorological Observations^ &C.9 ou Lalce Nipissiug, 



During the Months of October and November, 18.54, by Alexander 

 MuKRAY, Assistant Provincial Geologist. 

 yfe are indebted to Alexander Murray, Esq., for the following 

 abstracts from his Journal during a recent visit to Lake IS'ipissing. 

 Although the observations do not extend over a period of more than 

 twenty-seven days, yet they furnish some interesting glimpses of the 

 nature of the autumnal climate of that remote and unfrequented lake. 

 Lake Nipissing is 69 feet above Lake Huron, or 647 feet above the 

 sea; Lake Superior being 597 feet. Lake Simcoe 706, and Balsam 

 Lake — the highest in Western Canada — about 820 feet above the sea 

 level. The influence of a northerly wind is well shown on the 4th of 

 November, when the thermometer fell to 18 degrees at 7.30 p. m., and 

 descended as low as 15 degrees at 8 p. in., the temperature at Toronto 

 being at the same time 17.5° 



1854. 



Time. 



An. Bar. 



Ther 

 Att. 



Ther. 

 Det. 



Temp, 

 of water 



Remarks, Weather, &c. 



Oct. 16 



6.35 a. m. 



28.7.50 





 42 



4''4 







Fresh gale from West. 



i< 



1.00 p. m. 



28.800 



47 



47 







Do. 



" 



8.00 p. m. 



28.850 



43 



45 









'Oct. 17 



7.00 a. m, 



28.95C 



39 



41 



46 





it 



6.00 p. m. 



29.000 



0O.5 



53 



54 





li 



6.30 p.m. 



29.000 



49 



49 



— 



[blowing iard. 



Oct. 18 



7.00 a. m. 



29.075 



41 



39 



. 



Snow with NE wind 



tt 



2,00 p. m. 



29.155 



41 



39 



^— 



Do. 



<i 



6.00 p. m. 



29.225 



41 



38 







Do. 



bet. 19 



7.00 a. m. 



29.375 



44 



37 







Ice along tlie shores. 



(( 



8.00 a. m. 



29.400 



38 



40 



— 



[Ther. Att. affected 



»t 



].00 p.m. 



29.500 



40 



43 



44 



[by local heat. 



(( 



9.25 p. m. 



29.325 



41 



43 









Oct. 20 



8.00 a. m. 



29.350 



44 



45 



47 





(( 



0.30 p. m 



29.375 



48 



50 









tt 



5.30 p. m. 



29.476 



51 



52 



— 





Oct. 21 



7.00 a. m. 



29.550 



47 



48 



. 



Cloudy and Calm. 



it 



9.00 a.m. 



29.525 



48 



49 



— 



Do. 



<( 



Noon. 



29.500 



56 



55 



51 



Do. 



it 



5.30 p. m. 



29.500 



55 



55 







Do. 



Oct. 22 



8.00 a. m. 



29.525 



48 



49 







Cloudy, with a light 



<< 



4.35 p. m. 



29.455 



54 



55 



— 



Do. [breeze from SE. 



(( 



7.00 p. m. 



29.475 



66 



56 



— . 



Do. 



Oct. 23 



7.00 a. m. 



29.450 



46 



48 



— 



Cloudy, blowing fresh 



<i 



6.00 p.m. 



29.400 



01 



52 



— 



Do. [from SE. 



Oct. 24 



9.00 a. m. 



29.450 



62 



51 



— 





<< 



0.30 p. m. 



29.500 



66 



■30 



54 





it 



6.20 p. m. 



29.525 



66 



56 



, — . 





6ct.*25 



8.30 a.m. 



29.625 



62 



53 







Calm and cloudy. 



<< 



Noon. 



29.650 



69 



62 



53 



Do. 



it 



9.00 p. m. 



29.575 



62 



61 







Light wind from WSW. 



Oct. 26 



7.30 a. m. 



29.550 



63 



53 



— 



Light wind and cloudy. 







6.00 p.m. 



29.500 



66 



57 



— 



Fine — little wind. 



II 



9.00 p. m. 



29.575 



60 



61 



— 





Oct. 27 



7.00 a. m. 



29.455 



47 



49 



— 



Calm and clear. 



(( 



1.00 p.m. 



29.500 



65 



64 



55 



Very fine — calm. 



(C 



6.30 p. m. 



29.400 



56 





— 



Light wind & vei-y fine. 



'Dct. 28 



6.40 a.m. 



29.325 



36 



37 



— 



Calm & hazy — red sky. 



it 



11.-30 a.m. 



29.40C 



65 



63 



54 



Calm and hazy — Halo 



il 



fi.OO p.m. 



29.400 



58 



60 



— 



Do. weather[round sun. 



■001.29 



7.40 a. m. 



29.300 



52 



53 



— 



Calm and cloudy. 



18M. 



Time. 



An. Bar. 



Ther. 

 Att. 



Ther. 

 Det.. 



Temp, 

 of water. 



Remarks, Weather, &c. 





0.45 p. m. 



29.250 





 55 





 62 







Light wind E with rain. 





8.30 p. m. 



29.200 



55 



56 



— 



Light wind — star light. 



Oct. 30 



7.20 a. m. 



29.225 



53 



55 



_ 



Calm and cloudy. 





1.00 p. m. 



29.210 



63 



63 



55.5 



Light wind SE — driz. t. 





6.00 p. m. 



29.125 



61 



62 



— 



Light S wind & cloudy. 



Oct. 31 



7.00 a.m. 



28.900 



58 



61 



— 



Calm and cloudv. 





Noon. 



28.775 



60 



62 



— 



Cloudy with showers. 





7.00 p. m. 



28.625 



56 



58 



— 



SW wind with rain. 



Nov. 1 



7.15 a. m. 



28.800 



42 



44 



— 



W wind and cloudy. 





1.00 p.m. 



28.825 



48 



51 



54 



Clouily — dist. thunder. 





8.00 p. m. 



28.875 



41 



43 



. — 



W winds — passing sh. 



Nov. 2 



7.20 a. m. 

 Noon. 



28 925 



34 



36 



■ — 



Bright and calm. 

 Fresh breeze & cloudy. 





4.30 p. m. 



28.725 



42 



46 



— 



Heavy rain and Equals 





9.00 p. m. 



28.825 









[from SW. 



Nov. 3 



7.00 a. m. 



29.150 



24 



28 



— 



Snow showers. 



" 



2.00 p. m. 



29.300 



34 



34 



47 



Fresh breeze N. of West, 





8.00 p. m. 



29.225 



27 



30 







Snow sh. — clear interr. 



Nov. 4 



7.-30 a. m. 



29.450 



18 



19 







Strong wind from N, 





Noon. 



29.575 



31 



29 



48 



Wind NW by W. 





6.00 p.m. 



29.500 



19 



20 



— 







8.00 p. m. 



29.500 



15 



18 



— 



Calm and clear. 



Nov. 5 



7.00 a. m. 



29.425 



15 



18 



— 



Calm and cloudy. 





7.30 a. m. 



29.425 



•■>2 



26 



— 



Snow. 





Noon. 



29.400 



34 



36 



52 



Below Chaudiere Falls, 





9.00 p. m. 



29.150 



34 



36 



_ — 



'25 feet fall from Lake 



Nov. 6 



8.00 a. m. 



28.775 



34 



86 



— 



Nipissing. 





Noon. 



28.550 



40 



40 



— 



Rain from SW. 





2.00 p. m. 



28.550 



40 





__ 



Heavy rain. 



Nov. 7 



7.30 a. m. 



28.575 



34 





— 



Cloudy with snow sh. 





Noon. 



28.775 



44 



46 



52 



Wind NW descending 





7.00 p. m. 



28.850 



34 



37 



— 



[French River. 



Nov. 8 



8.00 a.m. 



29.000 



28 



31 



— 



Clear — West wind. 





Noon. 



29,100 



41 



37 



51 



Clear. 





6.00 p. m. 



29.500 



31 



34 



. — 



[Huron, 



Nov. 9 



8.00 a. m. 



29.275 



23 



23 



— 



Cloudv — North wind L, 





Noon. 



29.325 



31 



33 



40 



E wind and cloudy. 





9.00 p. m. 



29.200 



26 



31 



— 





Nov. 10 



6.00 a. m. 



29.200 



36 



39 







NE wind 





Noon. 



28.925 



47 



47 



46 



Fresh breeze with rain. 





8.00 p. m. 



28.775 



48 



50 



— 



Fresh SE wind with r. 



Nov. 11 



7.00 a. m. 



28.850 



43 . 



45 



— 



Strong Westerly wind. 



Climate of tl&e Crimea* 



The following tables show the temperature of the seasons at Sebas- 

 topol, London, Paris, Dijon, Toronto, Hamilton, and Kingston. They 

 will serve to convey au idea of the climate of Sebastopol, now a subject 

 of universal interest. 









Temperature of 



II 







1^ 





_3 



"3) 



Winter, 

 Fahrenheit. 



ll 

 ^1 



ll 



if 



CJ3 



'1 



r 





/ 



/ 1 















SebastopoP 



44 36 



33 32 35.945 



1.62 



70.57 



53.76 



■52.97 



10 



— . 



London . . • 



51 30 



5 39.504 



9.06 



62.93 



51,83 



50.83 



50 



— 



Paris . . . • 



48 50 



2 20 37.855 



0.62 



64.58 



52.20 



51.31 



39 



114 



Dijon . . . • 



47 19 



5 2 35.885 



3.30 



69.58 



.53.30 



52.89 



/ 



700 



Toronto . ■ 



43 39 79 21 25. 04 



0. 9 



64. 6 



46. 6 



44.23 



12 



440 



Kingston . • 



44 8 76 32 18. 74 



1. 7 



67. 7 



48. 7 



44. 7 





400 nearly. 



Hamilton. • 



23. 94 



2. 8 



64. 6 



15. 9 



44.26 



8 



400 nearly. 



* Dove's Meteorological Tables. 

 The mean winter temperature at Toronto is 10°94 lower than at 

 Sebastopol. The lowest mean temperature of any month in the winter 

 at Sebastopol is 34°27, in January ; at Toronto it is 24''2 for the mean 

 of fourteen years, and 17° for the coldest month recorded, in 1840. 

 At Dijon the lowest mean monthly temperature is 33°58, Paris 85°44. 

 London, 37°85. From these facts there does not appear to be any 

 cause for apprehension that our gallant troops in the Crimea will sufl"er 

 from extreme cold. 



