1855.] 



CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 



363 



its tenacity, and also tUat the strength of the article depended in some 

 degree upon the process to which it had been subjected. He had for 

 instance found that softer substances in which the outer atoms had 

 freedom of motion, while the inner ones by the pressure of those 

 exterior were more confined, broke unequally, the inner fibres, if he 

 might so call the rows of atoms gave way first and entirely separated, 

 while the exterior fibres showed but little indications of a change of 

 that kind. If a cylindrical rod of lead, three-fourths of a inch in 

 diameter were turned down on a lathe in one part to about h.alf an 

 inch, and then gradually broken by a force exerted in the direction of 

 its length, it would exhibit a cylindrical hollow along its axis of half 

 an inch in length, and at least a tenth of an inch in diameter. With 

 substances of a greater rigidity this effect was less apparent. It ex- 

 isted, however, even in iron, and the interior fibres of a rod of this 

 metal might be entirely separated, while the outer surface presented 

 no appearance of change. From this it would appear that metals 

 should never be elongated by mere stretching, but in all cases by the 

 process of wire drawing or rolling. A wire or bar must always be 

 weakened by a force which permanently increases its length without 

 at the same time compressing it. Another effect of the lateral motion of 

 the atoms of a soft heavy body when acted upon by a percussive force 

 with a hammer of small dimensions in comparison with the mass of 

 metal was that the interior portion of the mass acted as an anvil upon 

 which the exterior portion was expanded so as to make it separate 

 from the middle portions. Prof. Henry exhibited a portion of bar 

 originally four feet long, which had been hammered in that way so as 

 to produce a perforation through the whole length of its axis rendering 

 it a tube. This fact appeared to him to be of great importance in a 

 practical point of view, as it might be connected with many of the 

 lamentable accidents which had occurred in the breaking of the axles 

 of locomotive engines. These ought in all cases to be formed by rolling 

 and not with the hammer. 



CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 

 Caimcil -■tied ing— September 8t!i, 1853. 

 The following gentlemen were provisionally* elected mombors of the 

 Institute : — 



John Wilson, IM.P.P London. 



S. v. Wolcomb Hamilton. 



Romeo II. Stephens Montreal. 



I)r. Thomas Cawdry Cobourg. 



Rev. Mr. Geikie Toronto. 



William Hind " 



Geoffrey B. Hall Nanticoke. 



William Mercer Simcoc. 



• During tho intorvnl botwoon tho Sessions of the Institute, gontlomen desirous nf 

 becomin,' memburs mny be provi.^ionally elected by tlio Council, when duly propased, 

 and their eioction couBrmoa ot tho llrst ordinary meotln;! of tho Institute In tho en- 

 suing Sosslon. Tho formal election ofmambori on only tiko place at an ordinary or 

 gitndral moating .Ttbf) Instituto. 



The following draft of a Circular from the Council addressed to the 

 members, on the subject of a Building, was submitted, approved of, 

 and copies ordered to be distributed : — 



CIRCUL.^R FROM THE COU.VCIL OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 

 The anticipated removal of the seat of Government to Toronto, and 

 the consequent ejectment of the Canadian Institute from the rooms 

 allotted to them in the old Government House, has forced on the atten- 

 tion of the Council the necessity of providing accommodation for tho 

 Institute in a building suited to the purposes for which it is established, 

 and to the position which it has already achieved as a Provincial Sci- 

 entific Institution. 



In taking the requisite steps for this purpose, one great difficulty 

 has been removed — by the gift of G. W. Allan, Esq., of a valuable site 

 in Pembroke Street, on the Moss Park Estate; and, on application 

 being made to the Government, two successive grants of £500 each 

 have since been made in aid of the Building Fund. 



Under these very favourable circumstances, the Council have deter- 

 mined upon appealing to the Members of the Institute, as well as to 

 all persons likely to feel an interest in the success of the first purely 

 scientific Institution founded in Upper Canada. The Council antici- 

 pate that at least £-500 may be thus readily obtained, thereby increas- 

 ing the Building Fund to £1500, and providing a sum which will 

 justify them in commencing immediate operations. 



The building which the Council propose to erect, is designed with a 

 view to additions hereafter, so as ultimately to provide accommodation 

 for the Museum, Library of Reference, Reading Room, and apartments 

 for transacting the ordinary business of the Society ; the present cost 

 not to exceed £2,500. 



It is pi'oposed that the subscriptions be paid either at once or in the 

 following manner — one-fourth immediately, and the remainder at six, 

 twelve, and eighteen months thereafter ; the mode of payment being at 

 the option of the donor. 



Gentlemen proposing to subscribe are requested to transmit their 

 names, with their remittances, or a statement of the amounts they in. 

 tend to subscribe, to the Treasurer, Jajies Sievenson, Esq., Bank of 

 Montreal, Toronto, as speedily as possible, in order to enable the 

 Council to commence the building without delay. 



Building Committee.— G. W. Allan, Esq. ; D. Wilson, L.L.D. ; H. 

 Croft, D.C.L. ; and F. W. Cumberland, Esq. 



Toronto, September 4th, 1855. 



The Secretary submitted a letter, dated 6th September, 1855, from 

 E. Chads Hancock, Secretary of the Toronto Athenoeum, enclosing 

 certified copies of two resolutions of that body, authorizing its imme- 

 diate amalgamation with the Canadian Institute, and the transfer to 

 the latter of certain portions of its Library and Museum. 



Donatlous siuce Aiigiiflt Isty 1$55« 

 From the U.nited States P.\tent Office, ^yashington. 

 Report of the Commissioners of Patents, year 1854. Arts and Manu- 

 factures. Vol. II., lUustr.ations. 



From the Societies, through Mr. Rowsell. 

 The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, Vol. XI., Parti, 

 No. 42, May, 1855. 



The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, with Maps and 

 Illustrations. Vol. 24, 1854. 



From Dr. Joseph Woukmas. 

 Insanity of King George III. ; Dr. Ray. 



From the Author, through Dr. Chewett. 

 Map of the Province of Canada, and tho Lower Colonics, showing 

 tho connection by steam navigation with tho United Stntcs and with 

 Europe, by tho route of the great Lakes, and ahowing oIbo the conneotion 



