THE GKANl) CASON DLSTIHCT. 
4H 
white. Perliiips the richest tone is the red-brown, which is almost exactly 
like the color of the fumes of nitrous acid. Lower in the series are layers 
of a peculiar shade of Indian red, alternating with grayish white. In the 
lower Trias and Permian the colors reach their climax. Surely no other 
region in the world, of which I have any knowledge, can exhibit anything 
comparable to it. Wonderfully even is the bedding. Thin layers may be 
traced for miles without showing any variation of thickness, coloi’, or texture, 
lu the escarpments the weathering has etched out the harder layers, leaving 
a line of shadow in the places of the softer layers, and this gi-eatly empha- 
sizes the stratification and gives it finer detail. 
The Permian has many outliers and buttes in the heart of the Grand 
Canon district; indeed, the entire platform is spotted with them. Usually 
only the basal members of the Permian remain, but in quite a number of 
instances the entire series is preserved. The most notable ones are found 
in the Mounts Trumbull and Logan, on the Uiukaret Plateau, and in the 
Red Butte south of the Kaibab. So far as this formation is concerned the 
evidence of its former extension over the entire district is complete upon 
stratigraphical data alone. The numberless remnants found almost every- 
where throughout its expanse are so many stepping-stones at easy intervals 
which the mind uses in striding from one end of the region to the other 
with its burden of inquiry, and the way to a positive conclusion is easy 
and sure. 
FACTS OF GENERAL APPLICATION TO THE TERRACES. 
Having thus recited the piincipal and more obvious features of the 
Mesozoic formations of the terraces, it remains to examine some important 
facts which apply to the whole of them. The first one to be noted is a 
slight but universal dip to the north of all strata exposed in the terraces. 
This dip on the average is less than two degrees, but here and there incli- 
nations as great as four or five degrees may be seen. This dip is very gen- 
eral throughout the terraces. Its effect is to make the altitudes of the higher 
or more northerly platforms less — or, conversely, to make the altitudes of 
