HORN AND BONE IMPLEMENTS 283 



called it an awl, for which it is unnecessarily long and slender, and 

 there can be little doubt that this fragile and well preserved article 

 was an ornamental pin. 



Bone images and masks 



Artistic results in bone carving could hardly be expected before 

 the Indians had metallic tools. So, when a well worked face or 

 head appears, it is natural to infer the use of these, even on what 

 seem prehistoric sites. Fig. 177 is a finely made bone face, with 

 a narrow and rudely worked projection beneath. On each side are 

 half circular notches where the ears should be, and there is a partly 

 drilled hole in the back. This is interesting from its age, being 

 from the early Cayadutta site, where but one recent metallic object 

 has been reported. It is probably not far from 300 years old, and 

 is in the Richmond collection. The work suggests the use of metal- 

 lic tools. 



Fig. 156 is in S. L. Frey's fine local collection, and came from 

 the Otstungo fort, always classed as prehistoric by working anti- 

 quarians, though Mr Squier was told that European articles had 

 been found there. It is a well carved bone head, and the helmet- 

 like headdress and possible moustache suggest some knowledge of 

 Europeans. Some other articles from this site hint at the same 

 thing. If made with stone tools, it is certainly very remarkable. 



Fig. 152 is a well wrought bone head from the Onondaga fort of 

 1696, and was probably made with European tools. It is in the 

 Bigelow collection, and was worn as a bead, there being a single 

 large perforation from top to bottom. Usually there are more per- 

 forations in such objects, to insure the face's turning outward. For 

 this purpose there are three small holes for suspension in fig. 175, 

 which is in the Hildburgh collection. It is a small and neat bone 

 mask, with a projection above and below. This is from a recent 

 site at AVest Bloomfield, and is much like some stone ornaments of 

 about the same age. 



The remaining figures of this class are full length bone images. 

 Fig. 169 is from Honeoye Falls, and is in the Dann collection. It 

 is a large, flat human image of bone or horn, unpolished and 

 unbroken. It has much the character of the bone combs so frequent 

 there, but seems complete in itself. Fig. 170 is a bone image of a 



