HORN AND BONE IMPLEMENTS 313 



thread. For some uses sinews were required, and for coarse work 

 the inner libers of bark were used, but the writer has seen very 

 fine Indian thread made from wild hemp, and twisted by merely 

 rolling on the thigh. 



Mr Van Epps reported a bone needle which he found at the early 

 Cayadutta fort. It was notched at the head, and had grooves on 

 each side between the eye and the head. It may be that this one 

 had two holes and was broken at one, causing the notch. Perfect 

 specimens have usually two points and a central perforation. One 

 long needle in the state museum, is credited to Fort Hill, probably 

 near Leroy. 



John B. James reported two fine bone needles from Yan Cort- 

 landt park, in Popular science news for August 1896, and April 

 1897. They were 5^ inches long, a very large size, and one was 

 grooved in the eye, a frequent feature, probably resulting from the 

 wearing of the thread. 



Fig. 72 is a needle in the Dann collection at Honeoye Falls, and 

 of the latter part of the 17th century. It is thin and a little curved, 

 and is sharper at the ends than is usual. There are two small 

 perforations quite close together and near the center. These are 

 united and crossed by a narrow groove made by the thread. Fig. 

 109 varies from the typical form and is in the Waterbury collection. 

 It is much thicker than is usual, has the perforation toward the 

 broadly rounded end, and is broken at the other. As it tapers 

 slightly tow T ard the broken end, it may have been a perforated awl, 

 and this is quite probable. Supposing it to have this character, it 

 may be compared with fig. 7. Fig. 117 is part of a very long and 

 slender needle from the Atwell fort. It has been broken at the 

 perforation, and, if this was central, it would have had a length of 

 nearly 7 inches. Fig. 118 shows one of two thin, flat and highly 

 polished needles found by Dr Hinsdale on the island at Brewerton. 

 Both were broken at the eye, and the remaining point is quite sharp. 

 They were 3 feet deep in the ashes. Fig. 119 is in the Bigelow 

 collection, and is a broken needle from Pompey. This has been 

 broken beyond the eye, and the point is rounded. It is quite thin 

 and a little curved. Fig. 120 has also a round point, and was 

 found by Dr Hinsdale on the Sheldon fort in Pompey. It has been 



