206 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



intimated, and typical of such sites as the Baum and Gartner sites 

 (Mills). The decorated pottery disk is also Ohioan. The barbless 



fish hooks may be also for they are 

 quite identical in point of form and 

 method of manufacture. These things, 

 therefore, fall in classification 3. 

 Here we find the first specimens of 

 bone combs. Only a few other speci- 

 mens like them have ever been found, 

 and these in Onondaga, Montgomery 

 and Jefferson counties, in early sites. 

 Unlike them, however, the Reed Fort 

 Fig. 30 Pottery disk from ''^^ ^^^^^^ have effigies on the top. 

 Richmond Mills These combs are the prototypes of the 



numerous bone combs found in the 

 Seneca sites of the middle historic period, and have numerous 

 teeth made by sawing. 



The clay pipes show some experimentation in form and decora- 

 tion, in this respect being like those from Burning Spring, but other 

 forms are transmitted constantly and without change up to the time 

 the Seneca gave up their home-made pipes. The fixed type pipes 

 are the square-topped " Huronian " pipe, the trumpet pipe, an early 

 form of the ringed bowl, and the human face effigy. 



Conclusion 



Our belief regarding the site is that it represents one of the vil- 

 lages of the early Seneca before the opening of the colonial period. 

 It was occupied for many (perhaps fifty) years and then abandoned, 

 like all "other sites of like character, that a new and cleaner site with 

 more wood and game might be had. Its inhabitants were hunters 

 and fishermen, traders and tillers of the soil. They were in com- 

 munication with the people along the Genesee, down the Allegheny 

 and westward along the valleys of the Buft'alo, Cattaraugus and 

 Tonawanda creeks, though most of their journeys were probably to 

 the south and westward. They were descended from the unspecial- 

 ized Iroquoian peoples of the upper tributaries of the Allegheny 

 and from the more stable Iroquois farther west and south. They 

 were not without wars and for some time struggled with the dis- 

 possessed Algonkian peoples whom they pushed southward. They 

 knew of their kinsmen to the east but the country between Canan- 

 daigua lake and Lake Oneida had not yet been conquered. When it 

 was finallv won the Mohawk came down from the north and the 



