538 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



8 Important site covering about an acre of land on the west side of 

 the Chemung at the Big Flats suspension bridge. The village site 

 covers a level plateau above the river, affording a good vantage point. 

 The evidence points to a continued occupation. Club heads, celts, 

 arrow points and pottery have been found here. The Chemung face 

 stone was found on this cite. (See plate 11, fig. i.) 



9 A mile southeast of Big Flats and northwest of the mouth of 

 Sing Sing creek is a site with pottery, pestles and articles of stone. 



10 Small village site between Big Flats and the mouth of Sing 

 Sing creek near the last and much like it. The trail ended here and 

 graves have been reported. The occupation all along the river seems 

 a continuation of sites. At this point are found many net sinkers, 

 hammerstones, celts, triangular points, pottery etc. ]\Ir Bryan found 

 a bone awl and deposits of flint flakes. 



11 Large site on an eminence above and along Sing Sing creek 

 one-half of a mile above its mouth on the east side. An old creamery 

 stood across the creek. Mr Bryan thinks the site may have been 

 an early fortified camp or village and reports arrow points, celts, 

 grooved stones and hammerstones. 



12 Fort on an eminence above the Chemung on the south side. 

 The locality is locally known as Zoar Hill. This work has been 

 described and figured by several writers. Thomas Maxwell's plan 

 and account are in Schoolcraft's " North American Indians." He 

 describes it as 3 miles west of Elmira and south of Chemung river 

 with a bank 270 feet long, 3 to 4 feet high and 6 to 9 wide on top. 

 There was a row of holes 2 feet apart east of the bank, with a 

 vacancy of 12 feet in the center for a gateway. A larger post was on 

 each side of this, which is a frequent thing. Professor Horsford 

 reported it for Mr Squier. There was a bank about 200 feet 

 long, 14 feet broad at the base and 3^2 feet high. A double line 

 of holes about a foot deep extended along the top. There were 

 several parallel furrows inside the bank partially crossing the area. 

 It is on a ridge washed on one side by the Chemung (Squier, p. 53- 

 54). Mr Bryan found burned stone, animal bones, slate discs or 

 "pot covers," arrow points and other relics at the edg^ oi the 

 bank. The wall of the fort has been destroyed. 



13 A small site with graves is west of the Zoar Hill site and nearly 

 opposite the old Mountain House. Pottery and arrows are found. 



14 Kanawalohalla was a village of twenty houses burned in 1779. 

 situated in the present site of Elmira, at the junction of Newtown 

 creek with the Chemung. Two other villages have been mentioned 



