THE ARCHEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF NEW YORK 65 1 



two of which contained 150 cabins each and the other two about 

 30 cabins.^ 



In 1667 when W^ntworth Greenhalgh visited the Seneca towns he 

 wrote : " The Senecques have four towns, viz. Conagora, Tiote- 

 hatton, Canoenada and Keint-he. Canagora and Tiotohatton lye 

 within 30 miles of ye Lake ffrontenacque, and ye other two ly about 

 four or five miles apiece to ye Southward of those. They have 

 abundance of Corne. None of their townes are stockadoed. 



" Canagorah lyes on the top of a great hill, and in that, as well as 

 in the bignesse, much like Onondago, contayning 150 houses, north- 

 westward of Caiouge 72 miles. . . . Tiotohatton lyes on the 

 brincke or edge of a hill, has not much cleared ground ; it is near the 

 river Tiotehatton, wch signifies bending. It lyes to westward of 

 Canagorah about 30 miles, containing about 120 houses, being the 

 largest of all the houses we see, ye ordinary being about 50 or 60 foot 

 long with 12 or 13 fires in one house. They have good store of 

 corne, growing about a mile to the Northward of the towne. 



" Canoenada lyes about four miles to ye Southward of Canagorah; 

 conteynes about 30 houses, well furnished with corne. 



" Keint-he lyes aboutt four or five miles to ye southward of 

 Tietehatton; contaynes about 24 houses well furnished with 

 corne. . . ." 



The writer of the Jesuit Relations for 1679 differed radically from 

 Greenhalgh in his enumeration of the villages. He said that " 25 

 leagues farther on [from Cayuga] are situated the three villages of 

 the Sonnontouans." 



It would appear from these descriptions, contradictory as some of 

 them are, that there were at least four principal villages of the 

 Senecas, and these of considerable size. Attempts have been made 

 to identify the locations of these various sites and with some degree 

 of satisfaction. The site of Gandagora without doubt is Boughton 

 Hill site near Victor, every detail of evidence satisfying the earliest 

 description. Gandougarae has been identified with the site of Mud 

 creek, north of Wheelers station in East Bloomfield, and southeast 

 of Gandagora. Totiakton is in Monroe county, near Rochester 

 Junction. It is also known as "La Conception" in the French 

 accounts. Keint-he was most likely situated just north of Lima 

 village. Some writers gave names which are not easy to identify, 

 both on account of a variation in spelling and difference in the name. 

 These villages of the middle colonial period, for various economic 



^ Narrative of De Brehant de Galinee, translated by J. H. Coyne. Ont. 

 Hist. Soc. Pub., V. 4. 



