i6 N. AnnandaIvE : The Fauna of Brackish Ponds. [Voi,. II, 



peculiarly delicate and at the same time expanded appearance ; it 

 extends as a delicate, web-like structure for a considerable distance 

 beyond the circle of tentacles. The tentacles are distinctly 

 webbed at the base, apart from the sphincter, and, like those of 

 Pedicellina, terminate somewhat abruptly. The fringe of cilia 

 appears to be continuous round the distal extremity. When the 

 tentacles are folded and the sphincter is contracted, the integument 

 drawn together forms a papilla on the surface, the aperture being 

 extremely minute and having a tubular form. The direction of 

 the lophophore is capable of a certain change. When contracted, 

 it stands parallel to the main axis of the calyx, but when the 

 sphincter is fully relaxed it slants considerabh^ 



M 



A 



Fig. 5. — Anatomy of L. colonialis -. A = anus; C = colon; F = faecal pellet; 

 G = young ovary ; M = mouth ; N = ganglion ; R = rectum ; S = stomach ; Sh = 

 aboral shield: T = base of tentacles. 



Calyx — ' ■ ' 



Owing to the presence of the aboral shield, the calyx is more 

 rigid and less liable to change in outline than is the case with some 

 Entoprocta. It has an ovoid and slightly flattened shape, the 

 flattening being in the plane at right angles to the main axis of 

 the calyx. The cuticle is fairly thick, but smooth and quite trans- 

 parent on what may be called, in Loxosomatoides, the oral surface 

 of the cah^x ; on the aboral surface it is thickened and chitinized 

 to form the aboral shield. The spines are variable in outline; as 

 a rule they are bluntly pointed ; when they are well developed 

 their tips are pigmented. Otherwise the shield has a yellowish 



