﻿HUDSON 
  RIVER 
  BEDS 
  NEAR 
  ALBANY 
  507 
  

  

  C. 
  D. 
  Walcott 
  

  

  The 
  most 
  careful 
  investigation 
  in 
  the 
  field, 
  bearing 
  directly 
  on 
  

   the 
  problem 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  group, 
  has 
  been 
  made 
  by 
  C. 
  D. 
  

   Walcott 
  (36a). 
  Mr 
  Walcott's 
  working 
  plan 
  was 
  to 
  trace 
  the 
  for- 
  

   mations 
  from 
  the 
  undisturbed 
  regions 
  in 
  the 
  northwest 
  and 
  west 
  

   into 
  the 
  regions 
  of 
  disturbance. 
  These 
  researches 
  gave 
  the 
  fol- 
  

   lowing 
  results 
  bearing 
  on 
  our 
  investigation. 
  

  

  The 
  Utiea 
  shales 
  can 
  be 
  traced 
  from 
  their 
  contact 
  with 
  the 
  

   Trenton 
  limestone 
  at 
  the 
  falls 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson 
  near 
  Sandyhill, 
  

   " 
  with 
  little 
  interruption, 
  to 
  the 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  Albany, 
  where 
  

   they 
  are 
  very 
  much 
  disturbed 
  and 
  stand 
  at 
  a 
  high 
  angle. 
  In 
  this 
  

   vicinity 
  the 
  noted 
  graptolite 
  beds 
  of 
  Normans 
  kill 
  occur; 
  also 
  

   the 
  locality 
  where 
  Mr 
  Beecher 
  discovered 
  the 
  upper 
  fauna 
  of 
  the 
  

   Utica 
  shale 
  zone 
  ". 
  Following 
  up 
  the 
  Normans 
  kill, 
  alternating 
  

   shales 
  and 
  sandstones 
  are 
  passed 
  over, 
  which 
  " 
  with 
  the 
  same 
  

   lithologic 
  character 
  " 
  continue 
  across 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  disturbance 
  till 
  

   the 
  superjacent 
  Lower 
  Helderberg 
  limestone 
  is 
  met 
  with. 
  These 
  

   shales 
  and 
  sandstones 
  which, 
  at 
  the 
  Indian 
  Ladder, 
  were 
  found 
  

   to 
  contain 
  Or 
  this 
  testudinaria 
  and 
  Trinucleus 
  

   concent 
  ricus, 
  are 
  correlated 
  with 
  the 
  Frankfort 
  shales 
  of 
  

   the 
  Mohawk 
  valley. 
  Mr 
  Walcott's 
  conclusions 
  of 
  the 
  presence 
  

   of 
  a 
  zone 
  of 
  Utica 
  shales 
  in 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  valley 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  

   extension 
  of 
  the 
  Frankfort 
  shales 
  along 
  the 
  Normans 
  kill 
  are 
  

   mainly 
  based 
  on 
  lithologic 
  evidence. 
  Fossils 
  found 
  at 
  numerous 
  

   localities 
  by 
  the 
  writer 
  have 
  served 
  to 
  verify 
  the 
  former 
  conclu- 
  

   sion; 
  while 
  Utica 
  shale 
  fossils 
  found 
  on 
  both 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  line 
  

   of 
  disturbance 
  at 
  the 
  Normans 
  kill 
  indicate 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  

   faunistic 
  differences 
  in 
  the 
  shales 
  and 
  sandstones, 
  in 
  spite 
  of 
  their 
  

   apparent 
  lithologic 
  continuity. 
  

  

  The 
  relation 
  of 
  the 
  Normans 
  kill, 
  or 
  Coenograptus, 
  zone 
  to 
  the 
  

   L^tica 
  shale 
  is 
  not 
  expressly 
  stated 
  by 
  the 
  author, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  

   clear 
  that 
  he 
  places 
  it 
  near 
  the 
  top 
  <<i 
  tin- 
  Utica 
  shale. 
  This 
  

   follows 
  from 
  the 
  following 
  statement 
  (p. 
  349): 
  "Comparing 
  the 
  

   fauna, 
  w^e 
  find 
  that 
  the 
  forms 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  part 
  alone 
  of 
  the 
  Utica 
  

   zone 
  occur 
  within 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  great 
  

   graptolitic 
  fauna 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson 
  valley 
  is 
  largely 
  unknown 
  in 
  the 
  

  

  