﻿New 
  York 
  State 
  Museum 
  

  

  HUDSON 
  RIVER 
  BEDS 
  NEAR 
  ALBANY 
  

  

  AND 
  THEIR 
  

  

  TAXONOMIC 
  EQUIVALENTS 
  

  

  INTRODUCTION 
  1 
  

  

  The 
  study 
  of 
  a 
  rich 
  graptolite 
  fauna 
  from 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  the 
  

   city 
  of 
  Hudson, 
  Columbia 
  co., 
  identical 
  with 
  the 
  Normans 
  kill 
  

   fauna 
  of 
  Kenwood, 
  Albany 
  co., 
  made 
  known 
  by 
  the 
  late 
  Prof. 
  

   Hall, 
  impressed 
  the 
  writer 
  with 
  the 
  great 
  uncertainty 
  still 
  prevail- 
  

   ing 
  among 
  geologists 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  age 
  of 
  these 
  shales 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  

   wide 
  differences 
  in 
  their 
  stratigraphic 
  assignments 
  by 
  various 
  

   writers. 
  To 
  illustrate 
  this 
  condition 
  the 
  most 
  important 
  of 
  these 
  

   differing 
  views 
  may 
  be 
  cited. 
  While 
  Hall 
  finally 
  placed 
  the 
  grap- 
  

   tolite-bearing 
  shales 
  of 
  Normans 
  kill 
  above 
  the 
  Utica 
  shale 
  and 
  in 
  

   the 
  Hudson. 
  river 
  bed's., 
  asserting 
  their 
  homotaxy 
  with 
  the 
  Lor- 
  

   raine 
  beds, 
  Whitfield 
  and 
  Walcott 
  have 
  considered 
  them 
  a 
  part 
  of 
  

   the 
  Utica 
  shale 
  formation. 
  Lapworth 
  and 
  Ghrrley 
  assign 
  them 
  to 
  

   the 
  Trenton 
  stage, 
  and 
  Ami 
  is 
  inclined 
  to 
  regardi 
  them 
  as 
  lying 
  

   below 
  the 
  Trenton 
  and 
  above 
  Chazy 
  limestone. 
  Freeh 
  recently 
  

   cites 
  graptolites 
  of 
  this 
  zone 
  as 
  from 
  the 
  " 
  Utica 
  shale 
  of 
  Nor- 
  

   mans 
  kill." 
  

  

  Such 
  an 
  apparent 
  inability 
  to 
  correlate 
  properly 
  a 
  terrane 
  with 
  

   such 
  a 
  rich 
  fauna 
  would 
  seem 
  inconceivable, 
  specially 
  so 
  in 
  a 
  

   state 
  which, 
  by 
  the 
  labors 
  of 
  Prof. 
  Hall 
  and 
  of 
  his 
  many 
  followers, 
  

   has 
  furnished 
  the 
  standard 
  scale 
  of 
  formations 
  for 
  all 
  America, 
  

   were 
  it 
  not 
  for 
  the 
  indescribably 
  folded, 
  tilted 
  and 
  crushed 
  con- 
  

   dition 
  of 
  the 
  beds, 
  the 
  one-sided 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  fauna, 
  and 
  the 
  

   distribution 
  of 
  the 
  graptolites 
  in 
  thin 
  bands 
  in 
  the 
  otherwise 
  

   utterly 
  barren, 
  huge 
  mass 
  of 
  shales 
  and 
  sandstones, 
  which, 
  practi- 
  

  

  ir 
  rhis 
  paper 
  was 
  submitted 
  Ap. 
  1, 
  1900, 
  to 
  the 
  Boston 
  society 
  of 
  natural 
  

   history 
  in 
  competition 
  for 
  the 
  Walker 
  prize, 
  and 
  a 
  synopsis 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  

   read 
  before 
  the 
  American 
  association 
  for 
  the 
  advancement 
  of 
  science 
  Juno 
  

   26, 
  1900. 
  

  

  