SÉANCE DU 16 NOVEMBRE 1037 



4. Endemicity of the Malignant Tertian. — This form of Tertian is 

 exceptional in France, although Anophèles are very liable to become 

 infected. One knows only of a few cases of autochthoneous trans- 

 missions. 



What is the reason for the absence of endemicity of this form in 

 French climate ? 



5. FiGHT AGAiNST Malaria. — It must be based upon acquired 

 knowledge on the possible relations between man and mosquito. 

 Detect zones in which the Anophèles lly; remove thèse zones of 

 flying by clearing the surroundings ; build cantonments and pitch camps 

 away from thèse zones. Destruction of larvîe. 



P]ile33otoms. — On the Mediterranean Coast thèse insects convey a 

 sort of dengue or three days fever which is now known under the name 

 of pappataci fever. This fever is very fréquent in Gallipoli, in Mace- 

 donia... ïts occuiTence in France has often been suspected, but the 

 Phlebotomes are most likely very scarce in the zone of the armies, 

 which is tiieir northern limit of habitat. It is probable that the fevers 

 of which they hâve been accused are not due to them at ail. In their 

 stead one sometimes finds insects of the same family, the Pericomes, 

 which do notseem to suck blood, and the action of which should be 

 studied. 



"B'ieas. — iFleas hâve not attracted much attention at the front and do 

 for not seem to hâve been nearly as troublesome as Flies and Lice. 

 Never has plague, which is the chief disease which they convey, been 

 witnessed on the French front. However, it must not be overlooked, 

 for it has been recognized that Murides are " réservoirs " of icterohe- 

 morrhagic Spirochetes. Attention should be drawn to the relation 

 between the epidemiology of spirochetosis and climatic conditions 

 which fâvor the increase of fleas on rats ; diagrams copied af ter those 

 already made about the fleas of the rats and the Trypanosoma leivisi on 

 the one hand, and pest on the other, are advisable. One must also 

 consider différent kinds of fleas and their aptitude for biting men. 

 The possibility of direct passage of the Spirochete from rat to man 

 (through the urine or excréments) must also be considered. 



Lice. — The louse should doubtless rank first in epidemiology 

 [Sir David Bruce (1)]. Exanthematic typhus and relapsing fever hâve 



(1) " ... We musfc really felicitale the louse on at last emerging from its 

 seclusion and crawling into the full hght of notoriety. The high positions 

 hitherto held by the mosquito, the tsetse and the flea are apparently about 



