REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I918 I9 



makes impossible any marked variations as a result of the treatment 

 though the per cent of wormy fruit for the unsprayed plots is some- 

 what less than for the check trees. 



Attention is also called to the fairly uniform percentage of apples 

 in the various plots showing the peculiar blemish designated as 

 " shallow," the check trees showing about 2 per cent higher than that 

 for the plot sprayed but once and nearly three-fourths of a per cent 

 lower than for the plot sprayed twice. These variations are really 

 quite small. The figures given above show that in plot 1,76 per cent 

 of the wormy apples were injured by " shallow," 92 per cent of plot 

 2, 95 per cent of plot 3 and 80 per cent of the yield from the check 

 trees. In other words the second and third treatments with a poison 

 spray apparently increase the percentage of "shallow-affected" 

 apples among the wormy by reducing the number injured in some 

 other manner and apparently this gain is mostly in the elimination 

 of side injury, though the figures do not contrast as strongly as one 

 might wish. 



Poison and Tobacco for Codling Moth 



There has been considerable injury to apples in western New 

 York during the last few years owing to young caterpillars hatching 

 from late deposited eggs of the codling moth working just under the 

 skin of the fruit and producing that characteristic and sometimes 

 very general type of injury known as ' ' shallow ' ' and by some growers 

 confused with the work of second brood codling moth larvae. 

 Investigations of earlier years have absolutely connected this type 

 of injury with young caterpillars hatching from eggs deposited the 

 last of June or early in July upon the smooth surface of the growing 

 apples. The young larvae enter the fruit at almost any convenient 

 point and excavate just under the skin a small gallery with a radius 

 of approximately one-sixteenth of an inch and when this is completed, 

 many at least, instead of going deeper into the apple, forsake the 

 injury and migrate to the blossom end. One of the problems is to 

 prevent this type of mischief. The apple is growing rapidly at 

 the time the codling moth eggs are hatching and consequently it 

 is nearly impossible to keep the fruit well covered with poison during 

 this period. The spraying experiments of earlier years have shown 

 comparatively little influence upon the reduction of the " shallow " 

 type of injtury except as the infestation in the orchard as a whole 

 was reduced by the successful control of the codling moth in preced- 

 ing seasons. 



Knowing that the period of oviposition for this pest was an 

 extended one, lasting a month or more, and that presumably indi- 

 2 



