136 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



secondary septa pass off in a pinnate manner (fig. 29). 90° toward 

 either side occur the " alar " septa. These are parallel^ to the 

 secondary septa which branch off from the cardinal septum. They 

 have a single series of secondary septa branching off from them on 

 the side away from the cardinal quadrants. The two remaining^ or 

 counter quadrants, are filled with parallel septa, which branch off, in 

 a pinnate manner, from the alar septa, and are completed in front 

 by the counter septum to which they are all parallel. 



One of the four '' primary septa " — commonly the cardinal sep- 

 tum — may be aborted, leaving a groove or fossida. Between the 

 septa various endothecal tissues may be developed, such as cross 

 plates, or dissepiments connecting adjoining septa; tahidae, or floors 

 more or less completely dividing the whole inner space, irrespective 

 of the septa; and cysts, which form a vesicular tissue more or less 

 regularly disposed (Cystiphyllum). The cup or calyx may be 

 limited below by a continuous floor, by dissepiments or otherwise,, 

 or it may be limited only by the margins of the septa, the spaces 

 between the septa being open to the bottom of the corallum. The 

 costae are commonly covered by a concentrically wrinkled epitheca, 

 which forms the outermost wall of the corallum. 



In colonial forms the adjacent corallites commonly become pris- 

 matic from crowding. The separate thecae may be retained, or 

 they may become obsolete, the corallites becoming confluent. The 

 epithecal covering in these forms is commonly confined to the free 

 margins of the outer corallites, and surrounds the whole colony as 

 a peritheca. 



The tabulate corals are invariably compound, either loosely or 

 compactly, and consist of tubular or prismatic corallites com- 

 monly with thick walls, which in certain groups are perforated by 

 mural pores. Septa are absent or but slightly developed, sometimes 

 being represented merely by vertical ridges or rows of spines. The 

 number is usually six or 12. The corallites are crossed by numer- 

 ous tabidae which cut off the empty portion of the tube below the 

 polypite. Other endothecal structures are absent. 



The reproduction of the Anthozoa is both sexual and asexual, the 

 latter by lateral or calycinal budding, or by fission. 



Genus enterolasma Simpson 



[Ety. : hzepov, intestine; eXa<jp.a^ lamella] 



(1900. A^. Y. state mus. Bid. 39, p. 203) 



Corallum simple, turbinate and usually straight. Septa numer- 

 ous, those of the earlier cycles reaching nearly to the center, where 

 they have projections which reach to the center, becoming much 

 involved and forming a pseudocolumella of very peculiar appear- 



^Parallel as seen in the costae. 



