138 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



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Fig. 31 Cyathophyllum 

 Fig. 30 Zaphrentis turbinata hydraulicum 



Genus cyathophyllum Goldfuss 



[Ety.: xuado?, 2L cup; <puUop, a leaf (septum) ] 



(1826. Petre facta Germaniae, p. 54) 



Corallum normally simple, the individuals conic, or conico-cylin- 

 dric. Septa well developed, radially arranged, the larger extending 

 to the center, where they are twisted into a pseudocolumella. Cos- 

 tae usually obsolete. Tabulae present but only in the center of the 

 visceral chamber, the outer area being filled with vesicular dissepi- 

 ments. Exterior covered with an epitheca. 



Cyathophyllum hydraulicum Simpson. (Fig. 31) Grabau. Geol. 

 soc. Am. Bui. 11:364, pi. 21, fig. la-d. 



Distinguishing . characters. Simple, conico-cylindric, slender, 

 sometimes curved; growth irregular with abrupt changes in direc- 

 tion; strongly costate adult portion; non-costate young; well de- 

 veloped epitheca, which often shows coarse wrinkles; calyx some- 

 what less deep than its diameter; numerous strong thin and rather 

 widely separated septa, meeting in center where they are slightly 

 twisted, and not infrequently uniting before they reach the center; 

 well developed dissepimental structures. 



Found abundantly in the upper Manlius limestone of the Niagara 

 region, but only as external molds in the limestone. Gutta percha 

 casts however show the characters well. 



