366 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [APRIL 
vernal grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), yellow oat-grass (Avena flavescens), 
tall oat-grass (Avena elatior or, in the botanical section, Arrhenatherum avena- 
ceum), crested dog’s-tail (Cynosurus cristatus), sheep’s fescue (Festuca ovina), 
red fescue (F. rubra), perennial rye-grass (Lolium perenne), Italian rye-grass 
(L. italicum), wood meadow-grass (Poa nemoralis), and rough-stalked meadow- 
grass (P. trivialis). All these species are advertised by our seedsmen, but only 
three, tall oat-grass and the rye-grasses, are used in the United States in 
more than an incidental way. 
common names are of interest. The species have for the most part 
retained the English names when grown in this country, but Agrostis alba, 
known in England as bent-grass, is called here redtop; English fine bent-grass 
(Agrostis vulgaris) is called here Rhode Island bent; English cock’s-foot is 
called here orchard grass; English smooth-stalked meadow-grass is called here 
Kentucky bluegrass or June grass; timothy in England has the alternative 
name cat’s-tail grass. Cynodon Dactylon, our familiar southern pasture grass 
known in the United States as Bermuda grass and in the English West Indies 
as Bahama grass, is called in England creeping finger-grass. This assumes no 
agronomic importance there, as the climate is too cool and moist for its best 
development. 
The author is director of the United Kingdom Seed Control Station, a fact 
reflected in the prominence given to data concerning the seed of grasses. There 
are two chapters devoted to the subject, one on the valuation and purchase of 
grass seeds, and one on the specification and compounding of grass seed mix- 
tures. In the botanical section there are cuts illustrating the “seed” (usually 
the florets) of the commercial species and of the common weed seeds found as 
impurities in grass seed. 
The work is a valuable résumé of British agrostology and should be in the 
hands of all interested in that subject. However, the problems of grass culture 
in America are so different from those considered by ARMSTRONG that agros- 
tologists in this country will receive little aid. Our problems have to do with 
the cultivation of grasses under conditions practically unknown in the British 
Isles.—A. S. Hircucock. 
NOTES FOR STUDENTS 
Biology of rusts.—Among recent publications on rusts, GASSNER’S$ account 
of his extensive studies in Uruguay gives the first comprehensive picture of the 
grain rust vegetation of that part of the world. Although the investigations 
were mostly made in the neighborhood of Montevideo, the observations and 
3 Gassner, G., Die Getreideroste und ihr Auftreten im subtropischen dstlichen 
Siidamerica. Centralb. Bakt. IL. 44: 305-381. rors 
, Untersuchungen iiber die Abbingigkeit des Auftretens der Getreideroste 
vom Entwicklungscustand der Nahrpflanze und von duseren Faktoren. bid. IL. 
S§t2-O17. tors. 
