508 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [JUNE 
breaks wave action and thereby facilitates the accumulation of sedi- 
ment between its closely crowded erect stalks. It is followed by 
the typical sedge moor, and this by willow thicket or meadow. 
7 ° cocte*. of © 
pa ce ae 9.28 és ° ° 20 Bet aes 
e's org «.% 60 s Oe eit «3% 
° ° s 
ee is ate ong eg 2 os ° ee wa reebt 
° 2 ae aie le oo, de, GRASSLAND 
eee a at _ ee et ee eS i} 
wa ‘26 * 2°%— 90,0 LODGEPOLE 
% 64° % o ‘ee e PINE FOAEST 
° ° ° bg 
° oe ° ee 
ou ot gee eee ie irae MEABAC E0US 
Oi eo ° $66 4 E e. e 5 pi MEADOW 
ae Wee ° o* 3 . oe = 
gr ec a eee . Pe 
. 
Re e MEADOW-SCAVE 
. O = 
o ° 
oe ef 4 
. 
ae S86 
ef es 
ATE 
Fic. 9.—Map of East Lake, showing surrounding plant associations 
Carex utriculata, however, is not the only agent in the invasion 
of the open water. Fig. 10 shows a section of the shore edge and 
sedge moor. It will be noted that there is a distinct elevated rim 
at the water’s edge. This elevated rim is present almost entirely 
about the lake. Such a rim is commonly found along the streams, 
and is the result of stream cutting. Its occurrence about a lake 
may be taken as an evidence of its oxbow origin; not conclusively, 
