THE ZOOCECIDIA OF NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 
AND EASTERN CANADA 
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE HULL BOTANICAL LABORATORY 2390 
B. W. WELLS 
This summary is based upon a completed descriptive account' 
of the zoocecidia of the region studied, which is that phyto- 
geographic region dealt with by Gray’s New Manual of Botany 
(7th ed., 1908). The only similar general statement preceding this 
is that of Fett (4), who has presented some approximate figures 
from an entomological standpoint pertaining to American insect 
galls. The mite (Eriophyidae) galls were not included in his 
discussion. 
Historical 
Three local studies of zoocecidia have been made which deserve 
mention in a brief historical account. Coox (2) in 1904 published 
the description of 66 galls from Indiana. Jarvis (7) in 1908 
presented a catalogue of the insect galls of Ontario, comprising 221 
species. STEBBINS (10) in 1910 described 205 species of galls 
collected in the vicinity of Springfield, Massachusetts. A post- 
humous catalogue of 233 southern New England galls by THompson 
(11) appeared in 1915, edited by Fetr. This also included a 
summary of American Cynipidae galls, listing 350 species. 
For the sake of comparison a short summary of the European 
work will be given. HArmHOFFEN (5) in 1858 presented 350 as the 
number of zoocecidia for central Europe. SCHLECHTENDAL (9) in 
1891 listed 1315 insect, mite, and nematode galls on the plants of 
Germany. Kterrer (8) in 1901 published a synopsis of the 
zoocecidia of Europe. There also appeared the same year a more 
exhaustive study in DarBoux and Hovarp’s (3) systematic 
* The work contains the description of 792 nematode, mite, and insect galls; half 
of this number will be supplemented by illustrations. Keys to the galls on the various 
plant genera have been made, the plant genus constituting the unit by which the galls 
have been grouped. 
535] [Botanical Gazette, vol. 65 
